Table 1 Baseline patient demographics and clinical characteristics
OVERALL STUDY POPULATION (n = 550,581) | Patients with Data Available | Patients with LVEF < 40% (n = 75,107) | Patients > 65 Years of Age (n = 374,580) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age, yrs | 69.7 ± 13.4 | 100% | 68.6 ± 13.1 | 77.0 ± 7.6 |
Sex | 99.7% | |||
Men | 54.9% | 69.1% | 53.2% | |
Race | 42.5% | |||
White | 87.4% | 86.3% | 91.1% | |
Black | 10.1% | 12.0% | 6.7% | |
Other | 2.5% | 1.7% | 2.2% | |
Ethnicity | ||||
Hispanic | 1.9% | 93.7% | 2.2% | 1.8% |
Comorbidities | ||||
Hypertension | 82.2% | 92.5% | 77.1% | 84.7% |
Dyslipidemia | 65.0% | 86.9% | 68.6% | 68.4% |
Coronary artery disease | 60.9% | 93.9% | 70.7% | 65.3% |
Atrial fibrillation/flutter | 34.2% | 92.0% | 35.8% | 41.2% |
Type 2 diabetes | 28.1% | 94.4% | 30.7% | 28.2% |
Previous myocardial infarction | 21.7% | 86.8% | 31.4% | 22.4% |
Stable angina | 11.5% | 86.7% | 11.2% | 12.5% |
Peripheral arterial disease | 10.8% | 87.9% | 11.4% | 12.4% |
Stroke/transient ischemic attack | 6.1% | 77.6% | 5.8% | 7.1% |
Ischemic stroke | 2.5% | 36.5% | 2.5% | 2.9% |
Unstable angina | 2.4% | 96.1% | 2.4% | 2.5% |
NYHA functional class | 32.0% | |||
1 | 59.7% | 29.0% | 54.0% | |
2 | 29.3% | 46.5% | 33.1% | |
3 | 10.0% | 22.3% | 11.8% | |
4 | 1.0% | 2.3% | 1.1% | |
Symptoms | ||||
Dyspnea | 53.6% | 85.7% | 57.4% | 55.2% |
Orthopnea | 23.1% | 88.7% | 24.5% | 23.3% |
Systolic BP, mm Hg | 127.7 ± 19.5 | 93.0% | 121.8 ± 19.0 | 128.1 ± 19.4 |
Diastolic BP, mm Hg | 73.2 ± 11.6 | 93.0% | 71.7 ± 11.8 | 71.3 ± 10.9 |
Heart rate, bpm | 72.9 ± 13.6 | 86.6% | 74.1 ± 13.6 | 72.0 ± 13.2 |
Physical signs | ||||
Rales | 4.9% | 86.2% | 6.2% | 5.7% |
Ascites | 0.8% | 92.9% | 1.1% | 0.8% |
Peripheral edema | 52.2% | 77.2% | 54.2% | 53.4% |
Hepatomegaly | 0.6% | 96.1% | 1.0% | 0.6% |
S3 gallop | 6.9% | 91.8% | 8.6% | 7.3% |
S4 gallop | 12.3% | 89.1% | 11.6% | 12.8% |
JVD | 6.8% | 91.8% | 8.4% | 7.2% |
BMI, kg/m2 | 30.8 ± 9.6 | 74.3% | 29.9 ± 9.0 | 29.6 ± 9.0 |
Tobacco use | 52.1% | |||
Never | 40.1% | 34.3% | 40.0% | |
Current | 14.4% | 17.0% | 11.2% | |
Quit within 12 months | 3.3% | 4.0% | 3.2% | |
Quit more than 12 months ago | 42.1% | 44.7% | 45.7% | |
LVEF | 52.2% | |||
≥50% | 58.3% | 60.5% | ||
40–49% | 15.6% | 15.5% | ||
< 40% | 26.1% | 100% | 24.0% | |
Treatment | 100% | |||
ACEI | 43.6% | 58.6% | 42.3% | |
ARB | 20.7% | 18.5% | 22.1% | |
BB | 68.8% | 85.2% | 70.0% | |
Diuretic | 56.4% | 70.0% | 60.0% | |
Medical procedures/ devices | ||||
PCI | 1.0% | 70.1% | 1.3% | 1.0% |
Pacemaker | 9.2% | 35.2% | 24.1% | 10.1% |
CRT-D | 9.5% | 34.9% | 24.4% | 10.4% |
ICD | 11.1% | 34.8% | 29.7% | 11.5% |