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Table 2 The results for primary and secondary outcomes analyzed separately for purine- and non-purine-like xanthine oxidase inhibitors (XOI)

From: Xanthine oxidase inhibitors for prevention of cardiovascular events: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Outcomes Purine-like XOI (allopurinol or oxypurinol) Non-purine like XOI (febuxostat or topiroxostat)
ORP (95% CI), P value, I2 (P value), number of studies ORP (95% CI), P value, I2 (P value), number of studies
Primary outcomes
 Major adverse cardiovascular events 0.65 (0.41 to 1.05), P = 0.076, I2 = 9% (P = 0.354), 65 studies 1.13 (0.40 to 3.19), P = 0.824, I2 = 18% (0.290), 19 studies
 Death 0.94 (0.62 to 1.44), P = 0.785, I2 = 0% (P = 0.525), 74 studies 0.71 (0.15 to 3.40), P = 0.671, I2 = 0%, (P = 0.956), 19 studies
Secondary outcomes
 Myocardial infarction or urgent revascularization procedure 0.38 (0.17 to 0.83), P = 0.015, I2 = 0% (P = 0.700), 62 studies 2.76 (0.62 to 12.35), P = 0.185, I2 = 0% (P = 0.502), 19 studies
 Stroke 0.73 (0.16 to 3.29), P = 0.678, I2 = 2% (P = 0.361), 60 studies 0.54 (0.07 to 4.07), P = 0.551, I2 = 11% (P = 0.337), 19 studies
 Cardiovascular death 0.86 (0.50 to 1.46), P = 0.570, I2 = 0% (P = 0.587), 66 studies 0.45 (0.06 to 3.48), P = 0.445, I2 = 0% (P = 0.789), 19 studies
 New/worsening hypertension 0.32 (0.18 to 0.58), P < 0.001, I2 = 0% (P = 0.737), 55 studies 0.70 (0.43 to 1.12), P = 0.136, I2 = 13% (P = 0.329), 19 studies
 New/worsening heart failure 0.90 (0.66 to 1.24), P = 0.539, I2 = 72% (P = 0.006), 59 studies 1.79 (0.43 to 7.49), P = 0.423, I2 = 0% (P = 0.451), 18 studies
 Arrhythmias 1.95 (0.20 to 18.72), P = 0.564, I2 = 25%, (P = 0.264), 54 studies 0.80 (0.25 to 2.56), P = 0.708, I2 = 0% (P = 0.681), 19 studies
 Total cardiovascular events 0.57 (0.46 to 0.72), P < 0.001, I2 = 60% (P < 0.001), 65 studies; D-L: 0.48 (0.31 to 0.75), P = 0.001, I2 = 55% (P = 0.001) 0.90 (0.62 to 1.30), P = 0.562, I2 = 0% (P = 0.734), 19 studies
 Serious cardiovascular events 0.59 (0.46 to 0.76), P < 0.001, I2 = 50% (P = 0.011), 65 studies; D-L: 0.56 (0.36 to 0.86), P = 0.009, I2 = 44% (P = 0.028) 1.04 (0.58 to 1.87), P = 0.901, I2 = 0% (P = 0.967), 19 studies
 Serious adverse events 0.88 (0.70 to 1.10), P = 0.280, I2 = 18% (P = 0.176), 64 studies 1.12 (0.75 to 1.66), P = 0.587, 0% (P = 0.679), 19 studies
  1. OR P Peto odds ratio, except when indicted otherwise, CI confidence interval, I2 statistic of heterogeneity (P value of Cochran’s Q test), D-L DerSimonian and Laird random effects odds ratio with zero-cell continuity correction
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