Association of cumulative social risk with mortality and adverse cardiovascular disease outcomes

Table 5 Association of cumulative social risk (3 categories) with combined cardiovascular disease and mortality outcome (1569 participants, 134 cases) with adjustment for traditional CVD risk factors, plus ideal fruit and vegetable consumption, and physical activity

Progressive adjustment	CSR = 1, N = 478		CSR ≥2, N = 576		Per Unit score (trend)
Progressive adjustment	HR (95% CI)	p-value	HR (95% CI)	p-value	HR (95% CI)	p-value
Crude	1.35(0.86,2.10)	0.19	1.75(1.16,2.64)	0.01	1.32(1.08,1.62)	0.01
Age & sex	1.51(0.97,2.37)	0.07	2.55(1.67,3.91)	<0.001	1.60(1.29,1.98)	<0.001
Traditional CV factors	1.42(0.91,2.23)	0.12	1.92(1.22,3.01)	<0.001	1.38(1.11,1.73)	<0.001
Above + ideal diet^a	1.38(0.88,2.17)	0.16	1.85(1.17,2.91)	0.01	1.36(1.08,1.70)	0.01
Above + ideal activity^b	1.39(0.88,2.18)	0.16	1.85(1.17,2.91)	0.01	1.36(1.08,1.70)	0.01

CSR cumulative risk score, CV cardiovascular, Ideal diet – refers to ideal consumption of fruit and vegetables; Ideal activity – refers to ideal physical activity according to AHA definition of Life’s Simple 7
Traditional CV factors - adjusted for age, sex, smoking, systolic blood pressure, diabetes, body mass index, total cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol
^aThis model is adjusted for traditional CV risk factors above plus ideal fruit and vegetable consumption
^bThis model is adjusted for traditional CV risk factors above, and ideal fruit and vegetable consumption, plus ideal physical activity
NB. The p-value is a test of statistically significant association between CSR and the clinical outcome. P-value for trend (last column) indicates if the association of CSR with clinical outcome, per unit changes in CSR scores, is statistically significant. A p-value <0.05 is considered statistically significant

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