Association of cumulative social risk with mortality and adverse cardiovascular disease outcomes

Table 3 Association of cumulative social risk (3 categories) with combined cardiovascular disease and mortality outcome (1671 participants, 127 cases) with adjustment for traditional CVD risk factors and psychosocial factors

Progressive adjustment^a	CSR = 1, N = 501		CSR ≥2, N = 573		Per Unit score (trend)
Progressive adjustment^a	HR (95% CI)	p-value	HR (95% CI)	p-value	HR (95% CI)	p-value
Crude	1.68(1.05,2.68)	0.03	2.17(1.39,3.38)	<0.001	1.45(1.17,1.80)	<0.001
Age & sex	1.94(1.21,3.11)	0.01	3.35(2.12,5.29)	<0.001	1.82(1.45,2.28)	<0.001
Above + smoking	1.94(1.21,3.12)	0.01	3.00(1.89,4.76)	<0.001	1.72(1.37,2.15)	<0.001
Above + SBP	1.90(1.19,3.05)	0.01	2.70(1.69,4.31)	<0.001	1.63(1.30,2.04)	<0.001
Above + diabetes	1.83(1.14,2.95)	0.01	2.47(1.54,3.96)	<0.001	1.55(1.24,1.95)	<0.001
Above + BMI	1.84(1.15,2.96)	0.01	2.51(1.56,4.04)	<0.001	1.57(1.24,1.98)	<0.001
Above + TC	1.86(1.16,2.98)	0.01	2.50(1.55,4.03)	<0.001	1.56(1.24,1.97)	<0.001
Above + HDL-c	1.85(1.15,2.97)	0.01	2.58(1.60,4.17)	<0.001	1.59(1.26,2.01)	<0.001
Above + HsCRP	1.85(1.15,2.98)	0.01	2.56(1.59,4.14)	<0.001	1.59(1.26,2.00)	<0.001
Above + IL6	1.82(1.13,2.92)	0.01	2.50(1.55,4.05)	<0.001	1.57(1.24,1.98)	<0.001
Above + CESD	1.80(1.12,2.90)	0.01	2.42(1.49,3.93)	<0.001	1.54(1.22,1.95)	<0.001
Above + Cohen	1.80(1.12,2.89)	0.02	2.41(1.48,3.91)	<0.001	1.54(1.21,1.95)	<0.001
Above + DIS	1.81(1.12,2.93)	0.02	2.43(1.48,4.00)	<0.001	1.54(1.21,1.97)	<0.001
Above + statin	1.81(1.12,2.93)	0.02	2.48(1.51,4.08)	<0.001	1.56(1.22,1.99)	<0.001

^aThe first model is a univariate model; the second model is adjusted for age and sex; each of the subsequent models is constructed by adding the variable listed in corresponding line plus all the variables found in the model in the line above it
CSR cumulative risk score, SBP systolic blood pressure, BMI body mass index, TC total cholesterol, HDL-c high-density lipoprotein cholesterol
HsCRP high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, IL6 interleukin-6, CESD Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, Cohen stress scale, DIS discrimination score
NB. The p-value is a test of statistically significant association between CSR and the clinical outcome. P-value for trend (last column) indicates if the association of CSR with clinical outcome, per unit changes in CSR scores, is statistically significant. A p-value <0.05 is considered statistically significant

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