Table 1 Study calculations [12, 34–37]

Pulse Pressure (PP; mmHg)

systolic blood pressure (SBP) – diastolic blood pressure (DBP)

Diastolic Wall Strain (%)

(LVPWs-LVPWd)*100/LVPWs

End Systolic Pressure (mmHg)

0.9*SBP

Arterial Stiffness (mmHg/mL/m²)

PP/SVI

Arterial Elastance (mmHg/mL)

ESP/SV

Aortic Strain (%)

(AoS-AoD)*100/AoD

Aortic Distensibility (cm²dyne⁻¹10⁻³)

2* [(AoS-AoD)/(AoD*PP)] * 1000

Relative Wall Thickness (cm)

2*(LVPWd)/LVIDd

LV Mass (g)

0.8* [1.04 * (IVSd + LVIDd + LVPWd) ³ - LVIDd³] + 0.6 g

Fractional Shortening (%)

(LVIDd-LVIDs)/LVIDd*100

Stroke Volume (mL)

EDV - ESV

Ejection Fraction (%)

(SV/EDV) * 100