Table 1 General characteristics of study population according to the carotid intima-media thickness

Age (year)

48.7 ± 6.9

49.5 ± 5.7

0.051

Sex (male, %)

345 (66.9%)

179 (62.4%)

0.200

Smoking, yes

178 (34.5%)

64 (22.3%)

<0.001

Drinking history, yes

88 (17.1%)

35 (12.2%)

0.067

Hypertension, yes

204 (39.5%)

102 (35.5%)

0.264

Diabetes mellitus, yes

76 (14.5%)

37 (12.9%)

0.473

Body mass index, kg/m²

25.3 ± 0.6

25.5 ± 0.7

<0.001

Waist circumference, cm

89.3 ± 8.1

92.4 ± 8.2

<0.001

Waist to hip ratio

0.85 ± 0.1

0.88 ± 0.1

<0.001

Systolic blood pressure, mmHg

143.8 ± 16.9

148.2 ± 18.3

<0.001

Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg

89.0 ± 10.4

90.9 ± 10.5

0.007

Triglyceride, mmol/dL L

1.5 ± 0.5

1.9 ± 0.3

<0.001

HDL-C, mmol/dL

1.1 ± 0.1

1.0 ± 0.2

0.500

LDL-C, mmol/dL

2.7 ± 0.4

3.0 ± 0.5

<0.001

Total cholesterol, mmol/dL

4.7 ± 0.4

5.2 ± 3.4

0.002

Fasting plasma glucose, mmol/dL

6.7 ± 1.65

6.8 ± 2.6

0.278

HbA1c (%)

6.2 ± 1.3

6.4 ± 1.9

0.056

Serum creatinine, mmol/dL

77.8 ± 3.2

79.3 ± 3.3

<0.001

Serum uric acid, μmol/L

323.8 ± 115.2

354.2 ± 125.8

0.003

eGFR, (mL/min/1.72 m²)

72.8 ± 35.5

95.5 ± 21.3

<0.001

Blood urea nitrogen, mmol/L

4.7 ± 1.1

4.8 ± 1.1

0.108

Hs-CRP, mg/dL

2.2 ± 0.5

2.4 ± 0.8

<0.001

Red blood cell, ×10¹²/L

4.5 ± 0.4

4.4 ± 0.4

<0.001

White blood cell, ×10⁹/L

6.0 ± 2.4

6.2 ± 2.5

0.135

Red cell distribution width (%)

13.8 ± 0.4

14.3 ± 0.3

<0.001

Blood platelet, ×10⁹/L

215.6 ± 74.2

208.3 ± 54.5

0.056

Hemoglobin,g/L

145.2 ± 12.5

150.1 ± 13.9

<0.001

CIMT (mm)

0.9 ± 0.1

1.2 ± 0.2

<0.001