Mercury exposure and risk of cardiovascular disease: a nested case-control study in the PREDIMED (PREvention with MEDiterranean Diet) study

Table 2 Relative risk of cardiovascular disease, according to quartiles of toenail mercury, among case participants and matched controls in the PREDIMED trial

Variable		Sex-specific quartiles of toenail mercury
	number of cases	Q1	Q2	Q3	Q4	p for trend
Mean mercury (μg/g)		0.25 (0.08)	0.43 (0.05)	0.65 (0.10)	1.30 (0.62)
Total sample^a
Cases/matched controls	147/267	44/60	39/66	33/72	31/69
Matched OR (95% CI)		1 (ref.)	0.93 (0.51, 1.70)	0.76 (0.42, 1.39)	0.60 (0.32, 1.13)	0.09
Matched OR^b (95% CI)		1 (ref.)	0.91 (0.48, 1.71)	0.84 (0.44, 1.59)	0.56 (0.28, 1.12)	0.09
Matched OR^c (95% CI)		1 (ref.)	0.86 (0.43, 1.72)	0.85 (0.43, 1.72)	0.66 (0.31, 1.41)	0.11
Mediterranean diet intervention^d
Cases/controls	91/197	23/39	25/49	20/55	23/54
Adjusted OR (95% CI)		1 (ref.)	0.99 (0.46–2.12)	0.66 (0.30, 1.46)	0.72 (0.33, 1.55)	0.32
Adjusted OR^e (95% CI)		1 (ref.)	0.96 (0.43–2.14)	0.71 (0.30, 1.64)	0.66 (0.29–1.49)	0.27
Adjusted OR^f (95% CI)		1 (ref.)	1.00 (0.43, 2.32)	0.68 (0.28, 1.63)	0.74 (0.31, 1.75)	0.67
Control (low-fat) group^d
Cases/controls	56/74	21/22	14/17	13/18	8/18
Adjusted OR (95% CI)		1 (ref.)	0.97 (0.35, 2.64)	0.78 (0.28, 2.17)	0.40 (0.12, 1.34)	0.13
Adjusted OR^e (95% CI)		1 (ref.)	1.08 (0.36, 3.23)	0.99 (0.33, 2.98)	0.44 (0.12, 1.64)	0.25
Adjusted OR^f (95% CI)		1 (ref.)	1.11 (0.34, 3.64)	1.06 (0.34, 3.38)	0.63 (0.15, 2.61)	0.75

^aModels are from conditional logistic regression analyses with matching factors sex and age and adjusted for PREDIMED center
^bAdditionally adjusted for age, month of toenail collection, smoking, hypertension, hypercholestaerolemia, diabetes and family history of premature coronary heart disease
^cAdditionally adjusted for intervention group, baseline adherence to the Mediterranean diet, body mass index, physical activity (quartiles), alcohol intake (<5/10 gr, moderate consumption, >25/50 g in women/men), fish intake (continuous g/d) and non-fish consumption of n-3 fatty acids (continuous g/d)
^dModels are from multivariate-adjusted logistic regression, adjusted for sex, age and PREDIMED center
^eAdditionally adjusted for month of toenail collection, smoking, hypertension, hypercholestaerolemia, diabetes and family history of premature coronary heart disease
^fAdditionally adjusted for intervention group, baseline adherence to the Mediterranean diet, body mass index, physical activity (quartiles), alcohol intake (<5/10 gr, moderate consumption, >25/50 g in women/men), fish intake (continuous g/d) and non-fish consumption of n-3 fatty acids (continuous g/d)

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