|
Univariate analysis
|
Multivariate analysis
|
|---|
|
Variables
| |
Hazard ratio (95%CI)
|
Hazard ratio (95%CI)
|
P value
|
|---|
|
Gender
|
Male
|
0.984 (0.521–1.857)
|
1.132 (0.463–2.766)
|
0.785
|
|
Age, Years
|
Age, years
|
1.046 (1.025–1.068)
|
1.045 (1.016–1.076)
|
0.002
|
|
NYHA Class
|
Class IV
|
1.549 (0.719–3.337)
|
1.267 (0.527–3.046)
|
0.597
|
|
Anemia
|
Yes
|
1.483 (0.818–2.689)
|
0.708 (0.333–1.504)
|
0.369
|
|
Sodium, mEq/L
| |
0.933 (0.896–0.972)
|
0.913 (0.851–0.980)
|
0.011
|
|
Creatinine, mg/dl
| |
2.602 (2.052–3.300)
|
1.966 (1.369–2.824)
|
<0.001
|
|
AF
|
Yes
|
0.486 (0.225–1.051)
|
0.617 (0.171–2.224)
|
0.461
|
|
VHD
|
Yes
|
0.636 (0.342–1.185)
|
1.420 (0.413–4.886)
|
0.578
|
|
IHD
|
Yes
|
2.355 (1.182–4.691)
|
2.211 (0.397–12.331)
|
0.365
|
|
DCMP
|
Yes
|
0.898 (0.352–2.290)
|
1.068 (0.240–4.743)
|
0.931
|
|
HHD
|
Yes
|
1.036 (0.481–2.229)
|
1.272 (0.338–4.794)
|
0.722
|
|
LVEF
| |
0.997 (0.975–1.020)
|
0.992 (0.958–1.027)
|
0.634
|
|
Diuritics
|
Yes
|
0.877 (0.269–2.858)
|
0.690 (0.180–2.650)
|
0.589
|
|
Spironolactone
|
Yes
|
0.388 (0.214–0.703)
|
0.343 (0.158–0.743)
|
0.007
|
|
ACEI
|
Yes
|
0.952 (0.510–1.778)
|
0.258 (0.098–0.680)
|
0.006
|
|
Beta Blocker
|
Yes
|
1.205 (0.659–2.204)
|
1.713 (0.766–3.832)
|
0.190
|
|
Digoxin
|
Yes
|
0.313 (0.132–0.746)
|
0.407 (0.095–1.736)
|
0.224
|
|
Antiplatelates
|
Yes
|
0.883 (0.435–1.793)
|
1.383 (0.352–5.436)
|
0.643
|
|
Anticoagulants
|
Yes
|
1.700 (0.817–3.541)
|
2.429 (0.845–6.978)
|
0.099
|
|
Statin
|
Yes
|
1.520 (0.768–3.010)
|
0.189 (0.037–0.972)
|
0.046
|
|
CCB
|
Yes
|
1.555 (0.720–3.359)
|
0.815 (0.287–2.317)
|
0.701
|
- ACEI angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, AF atrial fibrillation, CCB calcium channel blocker, DCMP dilated cardiomyopathy, HHD hypertensive heart disease, IHD ischemic heart disease, LVEF left ventricular ejection fraction, NYHA New York Heart Association, VHD valvular heart disease
- Factors included in multivariate Cox model include: Gender, Age, NYHA Class, presence of comorbidities such as anemia and AF, Common etiologies of HF such as VHD, IHD,HHD, and DCMP, Use of medications such as Diuretics, Spironolactone, ACEI, Beta Blocker, Digoxin, Antiplatelates, Anticoagulants, Statin and CCB, and laboratory values such as sodium and creatinine
