Table 2 Raw data by group and P-value at baseline point and the end of intervention

Not smoking (N, %)

18(60)

16(57.1)

22(73.3)

24(85.7)

Saturated fat(≤10% of total energy)(N, %)

14(46.7)

13(46.4)

18(60)

23(82.1)

Fruit and vegetables(≥400 g per day)(N, %)

9(30)

10(35.7)

13(43.3)

22(78.6)

Physical activity(≥150 min per week)(N, %)

11(36.7)

11(39.3)

16(53.3)

20(71.4)

WC total (cm)

94.2 ± 3.2

94.9 ± 2.8

93.4 ± 3.4

0.071

94.1 ± 2.8

86.0 ± 2.4

−8.1 (−9.5, −6.7)

.000***

 WC in men

—

96 ± 2.4

94.6 ± 3.9

0.215

95.2 ± 2.4

87.3 ± 2.3

−7.9 (−9.6, −6.2)

.000***

 WC in women

—

93 ± 2.5

92 ± 2.3

0.212

92.5 ± 2.8

84.5 ± 1.6

−8.0 (−9.9, −6.2)

.000***

 TG (mmol/L)

2.0 ± 0.4

2.1 ± 0.2

1.9 ± 0.5

0.127

1.9 ± 0.2

1.1 ± 0.3

−0.8 (−0.9, −0.7)

.000***

 RSBP (mmHg)

140.5 ± 3.4

140.0 ± 3.2

141.5 ± 3.3

0.032

137.9 ± 3.2

134.5 ± 3.7

−3.4 (−5.2, −1.6)

.000***

 SF-36 total

419.3 ± 112.4

409.8 ± 87.5

414.6 ± 116.8

0.764

530.1 ± 95.6

637.2 ± 58.2

107.1 (65.6, 148.1)

.000***

 MH

48.1 ± 17.3

49.9 ± 17.6

46.1 ± 17.0

0.416

63.9 ± 16.6

69.9 ± 13.0

6.0 (−1.9, 13.9)

0.133

 RE

46.6 ± 25.7

43.3 ± 27.9

50.0 ± 23.2

0.328

62.2 ± 24.4

77.4 ± 15.8

15.2 (4.3, 26.1)

.007**

 PF

48.8 ± 12.6

49.7 ± 12.7

47.9 ± 12.6

0.588

61.5 ± 13.3

79.0 ± 13.8

17.4 (10.3, 24.6)

.000***

 RP

47.8 ± 27.0

47.5 ± 28.1

48.2 ± 26.3

0.921

61.7 ± 26.9

81.2 ± 14.6

19.6 (8.2, 30.9)

.001**

 BP

55.2 ± 20.0

55.2 ± 22.0

55.1 ± 17.9

0.974

68.6 ± 20.7

82.0 ± 12.8

13.3 (4.3, 22.3)

.000***

 SF

60.3 ± 15.4

57.5 ± 14.2

63.4 ± 16.3

0.146

70.8 ± 13.7

87.1 ± 8.7

16.2 (10.2, 22.2)

.000***

 VT

57.7 ± 18.9

61.7 ± 18.0

53.4 ± 19.2

0.096

76.7 ± 15.1

80.4 ± 11.5

3.7 (−3.4, 10.8)

0.303

 GH

54.8 ± 19.2

58.8 ± 16.7

50.5 ± 21.1

0.101

64.7 ± 18.2

80.4 ± 10.8

15.7 (7.9, 23.5)

.000***

hypertension (N, %)

21 (70)

16 (57.1)

21 (70)

9 (32.1)

hypertriglyceridemia

13 (43.3)

19 (67.9)

10 (33.3)

2 (7.1)

(N, %)

4 (13.3)

3 (10.7)

2 (6.7)

0 (0)