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Table 2 Risk of bias: Randomised controlled trials

From: What is the impact of systems of care for heart failure on patients diagnosed with heart failure: a systematic review

Author, year

Random sequence generation

Allocation concealment

Blinding of participants and personnel

Blinding of outcome assessment

Incomplete outcome data

Selective reporting

Other bias

Overall risk of bias

Transitional care7

 Jaarsma, 2008 [44]

Low

Unclear

High

Low

Low

Low

None

Low

Nurse-led outpatient clinic

 Driscoll, 2014 [45]

Low

Unclear

High

Unclear

Low

Low

None

Low

Telemonitoring programs

 Schwarz, 2008 [59]

Unclear

Low

High

Unclear

Unclear

Low

None

Unclear

 Woodend, 2008 [57]

Unclear

Low

High

Unclear

Low

Low

None

Low

 Chaudhry, 2010 [55]

Low

Unclear

High

Low

Unclear

Low

None

Low

 Koehler, 2011 [52]

Low

Unclear

High

Low

Low

Low

None

Low

 Angermann, 2012 [39]

Low

Low

High

Low

Low

Low

None

Low

 Dendale, 2012 [54]

Low

Low

High

Low

Low

Low

None

Low

 Pekmezaris, 2012 [56]

Low

Unclear

High

Unclear

Low

Low

None

Low

 Krum, 2013 [53]

Low

Low

Low

Low

Low

Low

None

Low

 Black, 2014 [58]

Low

Low

Low

Unclear

Unclear

Unclear

None

Unclear