Fig. 1
From: Wnt signaling contributes to vascular calcification by induction of matrix metalloproteinases
Effects of calcification medium, Wnt agonist I and gelatinase inhibitors on Wnt activation, Wnt5a mRNA expression and calcification of VSMC. a VSMC transfected with TCF/LEF-luciferase reporter plasmids were treated as indicated and luciferase activity as an indicator for activation of Wnt signaling was measured. Data were normalized to a parallel transfected renilla reporter vector (n = 4). b Effects of CM on the mRNA expression of Wnt5a were determined by qPCR measurements (n = 4) c VSMC were treated as indicated. Measurements of calcium contents or alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities in VSMC cultures served as markers for VSMC calcifications (n = 4). Shown are means ± SD. nsnot significant to control, *P ≤ 0.05 (compared to control), **P ≤ 0.01 (compared to control), ***P ≤ 0.001 (compared to control)