Table 1 Clinical characteristics of study patients upon enrollmenta, per study group
non-DM | DM | p valueb | |
|---|---|---|---|
n = 34 | n = 34 | ||
Age (years) | 62.1 ± 9.6 | 61.4 ± 9.9 | 0.739 |
Sex, male (%) | 32 (94.1) | 29 (85.3) | 0.259 |
BMI | 24.7 ± 2.5 | 25.3 ± 2.6 | 0.293 |
Risk factors | |||
Hypertension, n (%) | 28 (82.4) | 29 (85.3) | 0.742 |
Dyslipidemia, n (%) | 26 (76.5) | 26 (76.5) | 1.000 |
Smoking, n (%) | 19 (55.9) | 23 (67.6) | 0.318 |
Biochemical markers | |||
HbA1c (%) | 5.6 ± 0.3 | 6.6 ± 0.5 | <0.001 |
Fasting plasma glucose (mg/dL) | 97.5 ± 7.4 | 114.6 ± 18.6 | <0.001 |
2 h OGTT plasma glucose (mg/dL) | 119.8 ± 13.0 | 172.7 ± 33.7 | <0.001 |
HOMA-IR | 1.53 ± 0.81 | 2.73 ± 1.89 | <0.001 |
eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2) | 63.2 ± 16.0 | 71.7 ± 16.5 | 0.035 |
CPK (maximum) (U/L) | 3532.2 ± 3898.3 | 2360.6 ± 2181.8 | 0.247 |
hs-CRP (mg/dL) | 0.654 ± 0.695 | 0.828 ± 0.712 | 0.311 |
Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 199.9 ± 35.3 | 196.0 ± 57.4 | 0.954 |
Triglyceride (mg/dL) | 95.0 ± 55.2 | 127.6 ± 77.8 | 0.277 |
HDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 46.6 ± 12.3 | 45.8 ± 10.0 | 0.825 |
LDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 134.3 ± 29.5 | 116.7 ± 37.0 | 0.752 |
NT-proBNP (pg/mL) | 804.8 ± 1057.8 | 645.1 ± 915.0 | 0.578 |
Medications | |||
Ca channel blocker, n (%) | 9 (26.5) | 6 (17.6) | 0.470 |
Beta blocker, n (%) | 19 (55.9) | 18 (52.9) | 0.924 |
ACE-I/ARB, n (%) | 22 (64.7) | 25 (73.5) | 0.504 |
Nitrate, n (%) | 30 (88.2) | 18 (52.9) | 0.004 |
Statin, n (%) | 24 (70.6) | 23 (67.6) | 0.853 |