Table 1 Age- and sex-adjusted characteristics according to quartiles of sodium concentrations in spot urine
Sodium concentration quartiles in spot urine | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
1 (low) | 2 | 3 | 4 (high) | |
All subjects (n = 889) | ||||
Number | 220 | 225 | 220 | 224 |
Median sodium concentration (mmol/l) | 66 | 107 | 145 | 193 |
Range of sodium concentration (mmol/l) | 19–94 | 82–137 | 119–176 | 163–307 |
Age (years) | 57.7 | 56.9 | 58.3 | 56.3 |
Range of age (years) | 40–75 | 40–75 | 40–75 | 40–75 |
Women (%) | 67 | 67 | 67 | 67 |
Body mass index (kg/m2) | 22.4 ± 0.2a | 22.6 ± 0.2 | 22.9 ± 0.2 | 23.2 ± 0.2** |
Current drinker (%) | 27 | 30 | 28 | 33 |
Current smoker (%) | 13 | 14 | 13 | 13 |
Systolic blood pressure levels (mmHg) | 118.4 ± 0.8 | 117.8 ± 0.8 | 118.7 ± 0.8 | 118.2 ± 0.8 |
Diastolic blood pressure levels (mmHg) | 72.7 ± 0.5 | 72.4 ± 0.5 | 74.0 ± 0.5 | 73.0 ± 0.5 |
Diabetes mellitus (%) | 8 | 6 | 3** | 5 |
eGFR(ml/min/1.73 m2) | 83.2 ± 1.1 | 83.7 ± 1.1 | 83.2 ± 1.1 | 85.5 ± 1.1 |
Non-overweight subjects (BMI < 25) (n = 700) | ||||
Number | 175 | 174 | 176 | 175 |
Median sodium concentration (mmol/l) | 65 | 104 | 144 | 190 |
Range of sodium concentration (mmol/l) | 19–91 | 81–133 | 118–169 | 161–304 |
Age (years) | 57.6 | 56.7 | 58.0 | 56.3 |
Range of age (years) | 40–75 | 40–75 | 40–75 | 40–75 |
Women (%) | 68 | 68 | 68 | 68 |
Body mass index (kg/m2) | 21.5 ± 0.1 | 21.7 ± 0.1 | 21.7 ± 0.1 | 22.1 ± 0.1** |
Current drinker (%) | 25 | 31 | 32 | 32 |
Current smoker (%) | 13 | 14 | 11 | 15 |
Systolic blood pressure levels (mmHg) | 117.8 ± 0.9 | 117.0 ± 0.9 | 117.6 ± 0.9 | 117.0 ± 0.9 |
Diastolic blood pressure levels (mmHg) | 72.3 ± 0.6 | 72.2 ± 0.6 | 73.1 ± 0.6 | 72.1 ± 0.6 |
Diabetes mellitus (%) | 7 | 5 | 4 | 4 |
eGFR(ml/min/1.73 m2) | 82.9 ± 1.2 | 84.7 ± 1.2 | 84.2 ± 1.2 | 86.3 ± 1.2* |
Overweight subjects (BMI ≥ 25) (n = 189) | ||||
Number | 46 | 48 | 48 | 47 |
Median sodium concentration (mmol/l) | 71 | 117 | 154 | 203 |
Range of sodium concentration (mmol/l) | 20–112 | 90–149 | 127–185 | 170–307 |
Age (years) | 57.6 | 59.6 | 58.2 | 55.8 |
Range of age (years) | 40–70 | 41–73 | 43–74 | 40–74 |
Women (%) | 63 | 63 | 60 | 64 |
Body mass index (kg/m2) | 26.9 ± 0.2 | 26.5 ± 0.2 | 26.5 ± 0.2 | 26.9 ± 0.2 |
Current drinker (%) | 28 | 20 | 26 | 38 |
Current smoker (%) | 20 | 9 | 18 | 4* |
Systolic blood pressure levels (mmHg) | 120.5 ± 1.4 | 121.3 ± 1.4 | 122.8 ± 1.4 | 122.3 ± 1.4 |
Diastolic blood pressure levels (mmHg) | 72.8 ± 1.1 | 75.6 ± 1.1 | 77.1 ± 1.1** | 75.3 ± 1.1 |
Diabetes mellitus (%) | 15 | 4* | 1** | 10 |
eGFR(ml/min/1.73 m2) | 83.8 ± 2.5 | 79.2 ± 2.4 | 80.2 ± 2.4 | 83.1 ± 2.5 |