Table 4 Risk factors for self-reported sternal wound infection after coronary artery by-pass graft surgery in patients with review of medical records (n = 503), comparison between into period one and two divided into infected and non-infected patients
2006–2010 to week 26 n = 362 | 2010 from week 27–2012 n = 141 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Patients without infection (n = 318) 87.8 % | Patients with infections (n = 44) 12.2 % | p-value | Patients without infection (n = 137) 97.2 % | Patients with infections (n = 4) 2.8 % | p-value | |
Patient related riskfactors | ||||||
Age (years) | 67 ± 9 | 65 ± 10 | 0.198 | 68 ± 9 | 56 ± 7 | 0.032 (*) |
Sex M/F | 256/62 | 33/11 | 0.394 | 118/19 | 3/1 | 0.529 |
Body mass index (kg/m2) | 28 ± 4 | 27.1 ± 4 | 0.606 | 28 ± 4 | 32 ± 4 | 0.051 |
Preoperative insulin-like growth factor 1 (mmol/mol) | 46 ± 11 (n = 307) | 52 ± 18 (n = 42) | 0.115 | 44 ± 11 (n = 131) | 44 ± 8 | 0.917 |
Diabetes (%) | 75/318 (23.6 %) | 19/44 43.2 % | 0.005 (*) | 44/137 (32.1 %) | 1/4 (25 %) | 0.763 |
Preoperative hemoglobin concentrations (g/L) | 141 ± 14 (n = 315) | 137 ± 11 (n = 43) | 0.115 | 141 ± 14 (n = 136) | 136 ± 11 | 0.467 |
Preoperative serum creatinine concentrations (μg/L) | 86 ± 22 (n = 243) | 86 ± 23 (n = 43) | 0.908 | 87 ± 39 | 70 ± 11 | 0.094 |
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (%) | 11/318 (3.5 %) | 1/44 (2.3 %) | 0.680 | 1/137 (0.7 %) | 0/4 | 0.864 |
Corticoid steroid treatment (%) | 5/318 (1.6 %) | 1/44 (2.3 %) | 0.733 | 7/137 (5.1 %) | 1/4 (25 %) | 0.090 |
Current smoking/smoked the last 2 months/never smoked | 39/211 /68 | 7/35/2 | 0.029 (*) | 15/103/19 | 0/1/3 | 0.004 (**) |
Ejection fraction (%) | 47 ± 10 (n = 217) | 49 ± 11 (n = 31) | 0.222 | 49 ± 8 (n = 131) | 51 ± 7 | 0.481 |
Intra-operative risk factors | ||||||
Number of saphenous vein grafts (n) | 3 ± 1 (n = 317) | 3 ± 1 | 0.893 | 3 ± 1 (107) | 4 ± 1 | 0.117 |
Internal mammary artery 0/1/2 | 28/288/2 | 2/42/0 | 0.675 | 13/124/0 | 0/4/0 | 0.518 |
Duration of cardiopulmonary by-pass time (min) | 84 ± 2 (n = 317) | 84 ± 28 | 0.886 | 85 ± 29 (n = 136) | 90 ± 6 | 0.748 |
Duration of aortic cross clamp time (min) | 47 ± 18 (n = 317) | 48 ± 19 | 0.929 | 48 ± 20 (n = 136) | 53 ± 6 | 0.582 |
Postoperative risk factors | ||||||
Erythrocyte transfusion day 0 (%) | 100/318 (31.4 %) | 18/44 (40.9 %) | 0.209 | 35/137 (25.5 %) | 1/4 (25 %) | 0.980 |
Erythrocyte transfusion day 1 (%) | 52/318 (16.4 %) | 9/44 (20.5 %) | 0.496 | 19/137 (13.9 %) | 1/4 (25 %) | 0.529 |
Erythrocyte transfusion day 2 (%) | 53/318 (16.7 %) | 13/44 (29.5 %) | 0.038 (*) | 12/137 (8.8 %) | 1/4 (25 %) | 0.268 |
Mean blood glucose concentration day 0 (mmol/L) | 7.5 ± 1.1 (n = 317) | 7.5 ± 1.0 | 0.916 | 8.2 ± 1.7 (n = 136) | 7.6 ± 0.4 | 0.585 |
Mean blood glucose concentration day 1 (mmol/L) | 8.1 ± 1.4 (n = 316) | 8.5 ± 1.9 | 0.504 | 8.3 ± 1.8 | 8.1 ± 0.9 | 0.821 |
Mean blood glucose concentration day 2 (mmol/L) | 9.0 ± 2.1 (n = 267) | 9.4 ± 3.1 (n = 42) | 0.902 | 8.9 ± 2.4 (n = 113) | 9.1 ± 1.9 | 0.887 |