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Table 1 Patient characteristics, ECG findings, and clinical events

From: Angina at Low heart rate And Risk of imminent Myocardial infarction (the ALARM study): a prospective, observational proof-of-concept study

Patient characteristics

 

 Number of patients recruited

111 (13 withdrew)

 Number of patients not recruited due to poor quality of ECG recordings or diary documentation

4

 Male

87 (78.4 %)

 Mean age (SD)

68.1 years (8.0)

 Recruited with prognostically significant coronary disease found at cardiac catheterisation

38 (34.2 %)

 Recruited after acute coronary syndrome

73 (65.8 %)

 Mean follow-up period between first and last heart rate recording (SD)

445.6 days (204.6)

 Prescribed a negative chronotropic drug at start of study

92 (82.9 %)

 Mean resting supine heart rate at start of study (SD)

58.4 bpm (9.4)

Number of patients with ECG recordings

 

 Unsupervised 300-m walk

111 (100 %)

 Unsupervised flight of stairs

82 (73.9 %)

 Angina

43 (38.7 %)

Number of diary-documented events

 

 Unsupervised 300-m walk (percentage of expected)

6705 (85.4 %)

 Unsupervised flight of stairs (percentage of expected)

4082 (74.2 %)

 Angina

591

Interpretable ECGs for diary-documented events

 

 Unsupervised 300-m walka

5144 (76.7 %)

 Unsupervised flight of stairsa

3423 (83.9 %)

 Angina

383 (64.8 %)

 Supervised 300-m walka

688

 Supervised flight of stairsa

685

ECG quality (interpretable ECGs)

 

 ECGs with two heart rate measurements

96.5 %

 Heart rate calculations based on five consecutive R waves

93.4 %

 Mean start of first heart rate calculation (SD)

2.0 s (3.8)

 Mean start of second heart rate calculation (SD)

25.2 s (4.2)

Mean difference in heart rate between the beginning and end of 30-s ECGs

 

 Rest ECG for unsupervised 300-m walk (SD)

−0.8 bpm (4.0)

 Postexertional unsupervised stairs (SD)

−2.0 bpm (5.7)

 Postexertional unsupervised 300-m walk (SD)

−4.1 bpm (5.0)

 Angina (SD)

−2.0 bpm (5.4)

Clinical events during follow-up

 

 ST elevation myocardial infarction

0

 Non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (number of patients)

2 (2)

 Unstable angina (number of patients)

6 (5)

 Coronary death diagnosed postmortem

1

  1. aECGs were recorded at rest and post-exercise, but the numbers refer to interpretable post-exercise ECGs