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Table 3 Linear regression analysis with baPWV as the dependent variable

From: Association between environmental particulate matter and arterial stiffness in patients undergoing hemodialysis

Variable

Unstandardized coefficients

Standardized coefficients

P value

B

Std. error

Beta

Univariate

    

 Fasting glucose (mg/dL)

2.758

0.873

0.272

0.002

 Gender (female as reference group)

330.763

114.639

0.250

0.005

 Age (y)

24.567

5.426

0.375

<0.001

 Log Al (ng/mL)

417.573

181.613

0.201

0.023

 DM

447.395

130.649

0.293

0.001

 Intra-dialytic hypotension

−334.493

140.764

−0.209

0.019

 Log hsCRP (mg/L)

308.112

116.982

0.229

0.010

 SO2 (ppb)

65.722

27.617

0.208

0.019

 PM10 (ug/m3)

23.512

10.043

0.205

0.021

 Heart rate (/min)

33.727

4.647

0.545

<0.001

 Log triglyceride (mg/dL)

60.834

199.684

0.027

0.761

 Hb (g/dL)

12.615

44.066

0.026

0.775

 Alb (g/dL)

−76.401

179.385

−0.038

0.671

 Total cholesterol (mg/dL)

−0.373

1.510

−0.022

0.805

 Calcium (mg/dL)

27.205

59.121

0.041

0.646

 Phosphorous (mg/dL)

−56.563

40.098

−0.125

0.161

 Calcium-phosphorous product (mg/dL)2

−5.512

3.573

−0.137

0.125

 Body Mass Index (kg/m2)

22.999

16.460

0.124

0.165

 Urea reduction rate

−1100.164

999.288

−0.098

0.273

 Kt/V

−244.671

172.193

−0.127

0.158

 Net protein catabolic rate (g/day/kg body weight)

−197.253

156.598

−0.116

0.210

 Hemodialysis duration (months)

−1.334

0.936

−0.126

0.156

 NO2 (ppb)

−5.595

15.351

−0.033

0.716

 CO (ppm)

−163.429

295.340

−0.050

0.581

 PM2.5 (ug/m3)

22.878

20.493

0.099

0.266

 O3 (ppb)

23.474

20.080

0.104

0.245

 NO (ppb)

−1.728

7.433

−0.021

0.817

 ARB/ACEi

246.279

173.512

0.216

0.158

 CCB

−7.177

145.965

−0.004

0.961

 Beta blocker

47.806

139.934

0.031

0.733

Multivariate

    

 Heart rate (/min)

26.849

4.775

0.433

<0.001

 Intra-dialytic hypotension

−317.174

112.815

−0.198

0.006

 Age (y)

12.615

4.978

0.193

0.013

 Log Al (ng/mL)

297.553

146.640

0.144

0.045

 PM10 (ug/m3)

17.517

8.234

0.150

0.035

  1. DM = diabetes mellitus, SBP = systolic blood pressure, log Al = log-transformed aluminum, log hsCRP = log-transformed high sensitivity C reactive protein, Log triglyceride = log-transformed triglyceride, SO2 = environmental sulfur dioxide, PM 10  = particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter <10 mm, O 3  = environmental ozone, Hb = hemoglobulin, Alb = albumin, NO 2  = environmental nitrogen dioxide, CO = environmental carbon dioxide, PM 2.5  = particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter <2.5 mm, NO = environmental nitrogen oxide, Kt/V = a number used to quantify hemodialysis treatment adequacy, ARB = angiotensin receptor blocker, ACEi = angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor, CCB = calcium channel blocker