Skip to main content

Table 2 Characteristics of the normal and abnormal PWV patients

From: Association between environmental particulate matter and arterial stiffness in patients undergoing hemodialysis

Characteristic

Studied patients (n = 127)

Normal PWV (n = 59)

Abnormal PWV (n = 68)

P

Age (y)

56.4 ± 10.9

60.3 ± 8.7

0.032

Male sex (%)

30.5

48.5

0.039

baPWV (cm/s)

1247.2 ± 292.0

2218.4 ± 528.7

<0.001

DM (%)

10.2

35.3

0.001

Inradialytic hypotension (%)

34.5

8.8

<0.001

Always hypotension (%)

8.8

0

0.013

HDF (%)

18.6

14.7

0.551

Hb (g/dL)

10.5 ± 1.4

10.5 ± 1.3

0.744

BUN (mg/dL)

65.0 ± 15.7

64.5 ± 16.1

0.864

Cr (mg/dL)

11.1 ± 2.1

10.6 ± 2.7

0.223

Na (mEq/L)

139.6 ± 3.2

140.0 ± 3.1

0.518

K (mEq/L)

4.8 ± 0.7

4.9 ± 0.6

0.511

Calcium (mg/dL)

9.7 ± 1.0

9.9 ± 1.0

0.276

Phosphorous (mg/dL)

4.6 ± 1.5

4.6 ± 1.4

0.815

Calcium-phosphorous product (mg/dL)2

46.7 ± 16.5

45.4 ± 16.2

0.667

Alb (g/dL)

4.0 ± 0.2

4.1 ± 0.4

0.429

Total cholesterol (mg/dL)

180.5 ± 39.1

189.4 ± 38.0

0.199

Triglyceride (mg/dL)

195.5 ± 130.0

226.1 ± 177.5

0.276

Ultrafiltration amount per dialysis session (L)

2.5 ± 1.2

2.0 ± 0.9

0.017

SBP (mmHg)

129.2 ± 29.3

147.9 ± 21.5

<0.001

ABI

1.00 ± 0.15

1.05 ± 0.12

0.055

TBI

0.72 ± 0.16

0.73 ± 0.15

0.545

Body Mass Index (kg/m2)

22.6 ± 3.1

22.5 ± 3.4

0.916

iPTH (pg/mL)

188.6 ± 201.9

193.7 ± 234.6

0.898

Urea reduction rate

0.78 ± 0.06

0.78 ± 0.06

0.747

Kt/V

1.8 ± 0.3

1.8 ± 0.4

0.655

Net protein catabolic rate (g/day/kg body weight)

1.2 ± 0.4

1.2 ± 0.4

0.946

Al (ng/mL)

8.8 ± 5.7

10.4 ± 8.9

0.232

Hemodialysis duration (months)

78.7 ± 67.8

67.2 ± 56.0

0.298

hsCRP (mg/L)

3.4 ± 3.5

5.8 ± 7.7

0.023

NO2 (ppb)

22.9 ± 3.6

22.9 ± 4.0

0.984

CO (ppm)

0.63 ± 0.17

0.64 ± 0.22

0.890

SO2 (ppb)

6.7 ± 2.0

7.2 ± 2.1

0.184

PM10 (ug/m3)

57.2 ± 5.4

58. ± 5.9

0.226

PM2.5 (ug/m3)

31.6 ± 2.9

31.9 ± 2.8

0.513

O3 (ppb)

25.7 ± 2.8

26.0 ± 2.9

0.480

NO (ppb)

9.9 ± 4.7

10.4 ± 9.8

0.707

  1. Normal PWV = within the distribution of PWV, Abnormal PWV: higher than the distribution of PWV, DM = diabetes mellitus, HDF = hemodiafiltration, Hb = hemoglobulin, BUN = blood urea nitrogen, Cr = creatinine, K = potassium, SBP = systolic blood pressure, Alb = albumin, ABI = ankle brachial index, TBI = tibial brachial index, iPTH = intact parathyroid hormone, Kt/V = a number used to quantify hemodialysis treatment adequacy, Al = aluminum, hsCRP = high sensitivity C reactive protein, NO 2  = environmental nitrogen dioxide, CO = environmental carbon dioxide, SO 2  = environmental sulfur dioxide, PM 10  = particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter <10 mm, PM 2.5  = particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter <2.5 mm, O 3  = environmental ozone, NO = environmental nitrogen oxide
Back to article page

BMC Cardiovascular Disorders

ISSN: 1471-2261

Contact us