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Table 1 Characteristics of the study population in childhood and adulthood

From: Associations between risk factors in childhood (12–13 years) and adulthood (48–49 years) and subclinical atherosclerosis: the Kaunas Cardiovascular Risk Cohort Study

Characteristic

Men

Women

P value

n = 168

n = 212

Childhood (12–13 years)

Systolic BP, mm Hg (mean; SD)

112.3 (10.7)

116.6 (12.4)

0.001

Diastolic BP, mm Hg (mean; SD)

55.1 (10.2)

55.6 (11.1)

0.649

BMI, kg/m2 (median; IQR)

17.9 (16.5;20.0)

18.6 (17.1;20.2)

0.021

Sexual maturity score (median; IQR)

0 (0;1)

6 (4;9)

<0.001

Adulthood (48–49 years)

Systolic BP, mm Hg (median; IQR)

134.3 (123.5;150.0)

125.6 (116.2;138.7)

<0.001

Diastolic BP, mm Hg (median; IQR)

89.3 (82.0;96.0)

80.7 (74.8;88.0)

<0.001

LDL cholesterol, mmol/l (mean; SD)

4.0 (1.1)

3.8 (1.1)

0.106

HDL cholesterol, mmol/l (mean; SD)

1.4 (0.5)

1.8 (0.4)

<0.001

BMI, kg/m2 (median; IQR)

26.7 (24.5;29.5)

25.7 (23.0;29.6)

0.145

Hypertension, N (%)

106 (63.1)

77 (36.3)

<0.001

Smoking, % N (%)

68 (40.5)

41 (19.3)

<0.001

Intima- media thickness, mm (mean; SD)

0.66 (0.11)

0.61 (0.08)

<0.001

Pulse wave velocity, m/s (mean; SD)

7.1 (2.1)

6.1 (1.7)

<0.001

Educational level, N (%)

Low

54 (32.1)

47 (22.2)

0.058

Intermediate

53 (31.5)

67 (31.6)

 

High

61 (36.3)

98 (46.2)

 
  1. Abbreviations: BMI body mass index; BP blood pressure; HDL high density lipoprotein; IQR interquartile range (25 percentile and 75 percentile values); LDL low density lipoprotein; SD standard deviation