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Table 2 Change from baseline and difference vs. control for blood parameters, waist circumference, SBP and DBP

From: Yoga’s effect on inflammatory biomarkers and metabolic risk factors in a high risk population – a controlled trial in primary care

 

Intervention group 1

Intervention group 2

Group 3

Yoga class group

Yoga at home group

Control group

OC

PPS

OC

PPS

OC

PPS

n = 28

n = 21

n = 26

n = 20

n = 26

n = 22

Mean (CI)

Mean (CI)

Mean (CI)

Mean (CI)

Mean (CI)

Mean (CI)

Cholesterol (mmol/L) change from baseline

0.3 (0.1–0.5)*

0.2 (−0.0–0.4)

−0.1 (−0.3–0.2)

−0.1 (−0.2–0.4)

0.0 (−0.3–0.3)

0.1 (−0.3–0.4)

Difference vs. control

0.3 (−0.1–0.6)

0.1 (−0.2–0.5)

−0.1 (−0.4–0.3)

−0.1 (−0.4–0.3)

  

LDL (mmol/L) change from baseline

0.1 (−0.0–0.3)

0.1 (−0.1–0.3)

−0.2 (−0.5–0.1)

−0.1 (−0.3–0.2)

0.0 (−0.3–0.3)

0.0 (−0.3–0.3)

Difference vs. control

0.2 (−0.2–0.5)

0.1 (−0.3–0.5)

−0.2 (−0.6–0.2)

−0.1 (−0.5–0.4)

  

HDL (mmol/L) change from baseline

0.0 (−0.1–0.1)

0.0 (−0.1–0.1)

0.0 (−0.1–0.1)

0.0 (−0.0–0.1)

0.0 (−0.1–0.1)

0.0 (−0.1–0.1)

Difference vs. control

−0.0 (−0.1–0.1)

−0.0 (−0.2–0.1)

−0.0 (−0.1–0.1)

−0.0 (−0.1–0.1)

  

TGs (mmol/L) change from baseline

0.3 (0.1–0.5)*

0.3 (0.0–0.5)*

0.1 (−0.1–0.2)

0.1 (−0.1–0.2)

−0.3 (−0.8–0.1)

−0.3 (−0.8–0.2)

Difference vs. control

0.6 (0.1–1.1)*

0.6 (0.0–1.1)*

0.4 (−0.1–0.8)

0.4 (−0.1–0.9)

  

FP-glucose (mmol/L) change from baseline

0.1 (−0.2–0.4)

0.0 (−0.3–0.3)

−0.1 (−0.3–0.2)

−0.1 (−0.4–0.2)

−0.4 (−1.1–0.3)

−0.4 (−1.2–0.4)

Difference vs. control

0.5 (−0.2–1.3)

0.4 (−0.5–1.3)

0.4 (−0.4–1.1)

0.3 (−0.6–1.2)

  

HbA1c (mmol/mol) change from baseline

−1.4 (−3.9–1.2)

−1.9 (−4.9–1.1)

−0.2 (−1.5–1.1)

0.3 (−1.3–1.9)

−0.8 (−2.0–0.3)

−0.9 (−2.2–0.4)

Difference vs. control

−0.5 (−3.3–2.3)

−1.0 (−4.0–2.0)

0.6 (−1.1–2.3)

1.2 (−0.7–3.2)

  

hs-CRP (mg/L) change from baseline

−0.8 (−2.2–0.5)

−0.6 (−2.3–1.1)

0.2 (−0.6–1.0)

0.1 (−1.0–1.2)

0.4 (−1.2–2.1)

0.5 (−1.4–2.4)

Difference vs. control

−1.2 (−3.3–0.8)

−1.1 (−3.6–1.3)

−0.2 (−2.0–1.6)

−0.4 (−2.7–1.8)

  

IL-6 (pg/mL) change from baseline

−0.8 (−2.3–0.7)

−0.8 (−2.4–0.9)

1.1 (−0.2–2.4)

1.1 (−0.4–2.5)

1.0 (−0.8–2.8)

1.2 (−0.7–3.1)

Difference vs. control

−1.8 (−4.1–0.5)

−2.0 (−4.5–0.5)

0.2 (−1.9–2.3)

−0.1 (−2.5–2.2)

  

Waist circumf. (cm) change from baseline

−0.4 (−1.9–1.1)

−0.1 (−1.9–1.6)

0.6 (−1.5–2.7)

0.8 (−1.9–3.5)

−0.0 (−2.3–2.3)

0.1 (−2.4–2.6)

Difference vs. control

−0.4 (−3.1–2.2)

−0.2 (−3.2–2.8)

0.6 (−2.4–3.7)

0.7 (−2.8–4.3)

  

SBP (mmHg)a change from baseline

0.3 (−5.8–6.4)

−0.2 (−8.1–7.8)

−6.8 (−11.6–2.11)*

−6.1 (−11.7–0.7)

−2.3 (−7.6–3.0)

−1.9 (−7.7–4.1)

Difference vs. control

2.6 (−5.4–10.5)

1.7 (−7.9–11.1)

−4.4 (−11.5–2.4)

−4.2 (−12.3–3.5)

  

DBP (mmHg)a change from baseline

0.2 (−3.2–3.7)

0.3 (−3.9–4.3)

−4.4 (−7.3–1.3)*

−3.9 (−7.3–0.1)

0.8 (−3.2–4.4)

1.0 (−3.2–4.9)

Difference vs. control

−0.6 (−5.3–4.6)

−0.8 (−6.2–5.0)

−5.2 (−9.6–0.2)*

−4.9 (−9.9–0.1)*

  
  1. *p < 0.05 vs. control group
  2. apreviously published results [3]
  3. CI Confidence interval, DBP Diastolic blood pressure, HDL High-density lipoprotein, hs-CRP High-sensitivity C-reactive protein, LDL Low-density lipoprotein, OC Observed cases, PPS Per-protocol set, SBP Systolic blood pressure, SE Standard error of the mean, TGs Triglycerides
  4. The PPS consists of all patients who practiced yoga at least once a week for 9 weeks or more and who had no change in medication during the study period