Table 2 Echocardiographic measurements in 10 ND monkeys and 15 spontaneous T2DM monkeys
parameters | normal | T2DM with preserved diastolic function | impaired relaxation | pseudonormal pattern |
|---|---|---|---|---|
(n = 10) | ||||
(n = 3) | ||||
(n = 3) | ||||
(n = 9) | ||||
transmitral flow | Â | Â | Â | Â |
E/A | 1.1 ± 0.2 | 1.2 ± 0.2 | 0.8 ± 0.1* | 1.5 ± 0.2*# |
EDT (ms) | 70 ± 12 | 66 ± 18 | 92 ± 20* | 75 ± 10 |
IVRT (ms) | 48 ± 7 | 51 ± 10 | 55 ± 16 | 49 ± 19 |
pulmonary venous flow | Â | Â | Â | Â |
S(cm/s) | 46.8 ± 6.1 | 48.5 ± 11.0 | 61.4 ± 9.0* | 38.2 ± 2.7# |
D(cm/s) | 43.8 ± 11.0 | 45.9 ± 10.8 | 37.1 ± 2.0 | 56.9 ± 4.5*# |
AR(cm/s) | 43.7 ± 11.2 | 42.1 ± 7.9 | 54.7 ± 13.1 | 44.4 ± 2.0 |
myocardial velocities | Â | Â | Â | Â |
e’(cm/s) | 8.7 ± 0.6 | 9.3 ± 0.9 | 5.7 ± 1.7* | 7.0 ± 0.4 |
e’/a’ | 1.2 ± 0.3 | 1.4 ± 0.3 | 0.7 ± 0.1* | 0.8 ± 0.1* |
LA diameters | Â | Â | Â | Â |
LAAD (mm) | 16.8 ± 1.0 | 15.1 ± 1.1 | 15.1 ± 2.1 | 15.7 ± 1.8 |
LATD (mm) | 18.4 ± 0.7 | 17.8 ± 3.4 | 16.2 ± 2.0 | 16.8 ± 3.8 |
LAVD (mm) | 21.6 ± 2.1 | 21.0 ± 2.2 | 19.3 ± 3.0 | 22.0 ± 5.9 |