Table 1 Differences in baseline characteristics between participants (n, %)
Category | Risk factor | MDD | Controls | Adjusted HR (95 % CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Background | Age, y, mean (SD) | 67.9 (8.7) | 67.6 (7.5) | |
Gender (male) | 44 (30.8) | 49 (35.3) | ||
Living alone** | 72 (50.3) | 41 (29.7) | ||
Education (low) | 55 (38.5) | 62 (44.6) | ||
Religion (yes) | 70 (49.0) | 64 (46.0) | ||
CVD status | CVD* | 31 (25.6) | 19 (14.1) | |
Hypertension | 54 (44.6) | 48 (35.6) | ||
Hypercholesterolemia | 32 (26.4) | 31 (23.0) | ||
Diabetes* | 14 (11.6) | 5 (3.7) | ||
Family history of CVD | 56 (39.2) | 56 (40.3) | ||
CVD medication** | 85 (59.4) | 62 (40.6) | 2.54 (1.19 to 5.44) | |
Chron. illnesses, mean (SD)* | 3.9 (2.3) | 3.1 (2.1) | ||
Lifestyle | Smoking current | 32 (22.4) | 19 (13.7) | |
Baecke, mean (SD)** | 5.42 (5.09) | 7.86 (5.17) | ||
Physiology (mean, SD) | BMI, kg/m2* | 28.17 (5.21) | 26.76 (4.16) | |
SBP, mmHg | 146.2 (18.05) | 142.4 (18.56) | ||
DBP, mmHg | 83.62 (9.41) | 83.72 (8.17) | ||
HRV SDNN ln*, ms | 1.50 (0.25) | 1.57 (0.24) | ||
Total cholesterol, mmol/l | 5.98 (1.15) | 6.02 (1.08) | ||
Fasting glucose, mmol/l | 5.64 (1.13) | 5.56 (0.96) | ||
LDL cholesterol, mmol/l | 3.54 (1.07) | 3.74 (0.94) | ||
HDL cholesterol, mmol/l | 1.65 (0.51) | 1.60 (0.41) | ||
Triglycerides, mmol/l | 1.76 (1.16) | 1.55 (0.92) | ||
IL-6 ln, pg/ml | 0.95 (0.63) | 0.86 (0.62) | ||
CRP ln, mg/l | 1.02 (1.08) | 0.77 (1.08) | ||
Psychiatry | MADRS, mean (SD) ** | 19.38 (8.25) | 2.73 (3.89) | |
HADS-A, mean (SD) ** | 9.92 (2.89) | 5.98 (2.46) | ||
Panic disorder** | 36 (25.4) | 7 (3.2) | ||
Depression history** | 115 (81.0) | 63 (45.7) | ||
Family history depression* | 58 (40.6) | 39 (28.1) |