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Table 2 Associations Between Patient Demographic and Clinical Characteristics with Outcomes of Interest

From: Risk-taking attitudes and their association with process and outcomes of cardiac care: a cohort study

Clinical Variable

Association with Risk-prone Attitude

Association with Any Revascularization

Association with Survival

Main Variable of Interest

OR

95% CI

OR

95% CI

RR

95% CI

   Risk-prone (versus Non-Risk-Prone)

  

1.12

0.97–1.28

0.92

0.77–1.10

Other Variables in Model

      

   Age (10-year increments)

0.98

0.98–0.99

0.99

0.98–0.99

1.06

1.05–1.07

   Female Sex

0.68

0.60–0.77

0.90

0.76–1.07

0.82

0.67–1.01

   Congestive Heart Failure

1.02

0.84–1.23

0.81

0.64–1.04

1.44

1.15–1.80

   Peripheral Vascular Disease

1.09

0.89–1.32

0.77

0.60–0.98

1.44

1.13–1.84

   Chronic Pulmonary Disease

0.91

0.76–1.08

0.80

0.64–1.00

1.16

0.92–1.50

   Cerebrovascular Disease

0.97

0.78–1.21

0.90

0.69–1.18

1.46

1.13–1.90

   Elevated Creatinine

1.30

0.80–2.12

1.41

0.76–2.62

1.60

1.02–2.52

   Renal Dialysis

1.01

0.54–1.88

0.33

0.17–0.66

2.17

1.19–3.97

   Diabetes Mellitus

1.04

0.90–1.19

0.88

0.74–1.05

1.51

1.24–1.83

   Hypertension

0.94

0.85–1.05

0.94

0.82–1.08

0.99

0.84–1.19

   Hyperlipidemia

1.04

0.94–1.16

1.25

1.08–1.44

0.73

0.61–0.87

   Liver/GI*

1.04

0.80–1.36

1.25

0.87–1.81

1.14

0.80–1.62

   Malignancy

1.05

0.81–1.37

0.95

0.68–1.32

1.97

1.47–2.64

   Prior MI*

1.02

0.89–1.16

0.68

0.57–0.80

1.34

1.09–1.64

   Prior PCI*

1.01

0.83–1.22

1.18

0.93–1.50

0.94

0.70–1.26

   Prior CABG* Surgery

0.88

0.71–1.07

0.26

0.21–0.33

1.04

0.79–1.36

   Prior Lytic Therapy

1.14

0.88–1.47

1.14

0.80–1.62

1.06

0.72–1.57

   Former Smoker

0.99

0.89–1.10

  

1.28

1.07–1.52

   Current Smoker

1.15

1.01–1.31

1.07

0.93–1.23

1.48

1.19–1.84

Clinical Indication

      

   Stable Angina (reference)

1.00

 

1.00

 

1.00

 

   Myocardial Infarction

0.91

0.78–1.07

2.74

2.24–3.35

0.92

0.72–1.18

   Unstable Angina

0.88

0.77–0.99

2.01

1.70–2.39

0.92

0.73–1.16

   Other

0.99

0.80–1.22

0.96

0.72–1.28

1.33

0.99–1.77

Duke Category

      

   1-vessel disease (reference)

1.00

 

1.00

 

1.00

 

   2-vessel disease

1.10

0.94–1.28

96.72

68.41–136.73

0.18

0.87–1.60

   3-vessel disease

1.26

1.07–1.49

161.60

112.62–231.88

1.54

1.14–2.10

   left main

1.22

0.98–1.53

296.26

193.95–452.55

1.43

0.96–2.12

   missing

0.61

0.32–1.17

20.49

10.09–41.60

2.07

0.92–4.67

Ejection Fraction

      

   > 50% (reference)

1.00

 

1.00

 

1.00

 

   35–50%

0.91

0.80–1.04

1.10

0.93–1.31

1.49

1.20–1.84

   20–34%

1.01

0.77–1.32

0.57

0.42–.078

3.13

2.35–4.16

   < 20%

1.26

0.64–2.43

0.35

0.16–0.77

3.83

2.10–6.99

   not done do to instability

0.75

0.56–0.99

1.04

0.72–1.50

2.09

1.55–3.01

   missing

0.84

0.59–1.18

1.72

1.08–2.77

1.64

0.98–2.59

Household Income

      

   < $20,000 (reference)

1.00

 

1.00

 

1.00

 

   $20,000–34,999

1.07

0.90–1.26

0.99

0.80–1.22

0.79

0.63–1.01

   $35,000–49,999

1.32

1.09–1.59

1.03

0.81–1.31

0.82

0.62–1.09

   $50,000–69,999

1.25

1.02–1.52

1.17

0.90–1.52

0.53

0.67–0.78

   ≥ $70,000

1.94

1.59–2.34

1.21

0.94–1.58

0.73

0.51–1.04

   Missing

0.97

0.81–1.16

1.12

0.89–0.42

0.74

0.57–0.95

Treatment Received

      

   Medical Therapy (reference)

    

1.00

 

   CABG Surgery

    

0.53

0.41–0.68

   PCI

    

0.64

0.51–0.80

  1. *GI = gastrointestinal, MI = myocardial infarction, PCI = percutaneous coronary intervention, CABG = coronary artery bypass graft
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