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Table 1 Possible determinant variables

From: Health-related quality of life after myocardial infarction is associated with level of left ventricular ejection fraction

 

All respondents

LVEF value

 

LVEF measured

LVEF not measured

p

Normal (>50%)

Intermediate (40 – 50%)

Reduced (<40%)

p

n

256

152

 

167

56

33

 

   Time since index MI, years

2.5 (0.2)

2.6 (0.2)

<0.001

2.5 (0.2)

2.6 (0.2)

2.5 (0.2)

0.046

   Sex (% women)

29

29

1.0

29

30

27

1.0

   Age, years

64 (12)

68 (12)

0.002

62 (12)

68 (11)

68 (13)

0.001

   Education, years, range 7–21

10 (3)

10 (4)

0.9

11 (3)

10 (3)

10 (3)

0.3

   Smoker at admission

49a

39b

0.07

51c

48d

45e

0.8

Comorbidities before the index MI

       

   Diabetes mellitus

10

6

0.3

8

11

15

0.5

   Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

8

7

0.7

6

13

6

0.2

   Hypertension

29

35

0.2

30

29

24

0.8

   Previous MI

17

24

0.08

11

24

36

0.001

   Angina pectoris

22

30

0.08

20

22

33

0.2

   Peripheral vascular disease

4

9

0.08

2

7

9

0.1

   Stroke

5

6

0.5

3

7

12

0.07

   Heart failure

2

8

0.009

1

2

9

0.02

Index MI, characteristics

       

   ST-segment elevation

59

35

<0.001

58

70

46

0.07

   Localization

  

0.1

   

<0.001

Anterior wall

44

30

 

34

57

70

 

Inferior wall

41

38

 

51

27

12

 

Unknown

16

24

 

15

16

18

 

   Q-wave

48

33

0.004

47

48

52

0.9

In-hospital treatment

       

   Revascularization

49

22

<0.001

48

63

33

0.02

Indication for medication at discharge

       

   Secondary prevention

99

98

0.7

99

100

97

0.4

   Hypertension

11

12

0.8

14

5

6

0.1

   Angina pectoris

18

35

<0.001

19

18

12

0.6

   Heart failure

19

22

0.4

7

29

61

<0.001

Subsequent events

       

   New MI

5

7

0.5

5

5

3

0.8

   Percutaneous coronary intervention

15

11

0.3

20

5

6

0.008

   Coronary artery bypass graft surgery

11

13

0.7

12

7

15

0.5

  1. Background variables, characteristics of the index myocardial infarction, treatment and subsequent events according to whether left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was measured or not and in patients with normal (>50%), intermediate (40–50%), and reduced (<40%) LVEF. Numbers represent mean (SD) or percent.
  2. a n = 227; b n = 137; c n = 150; d n = 48; e n = 29; MI, Myocardial Infarction