Figure 5

Change in FMD associated with B-vitamin treatment in previous randomised controlled trials. Squares indicate the mean difference in FMD between the vitamin and placebo groups: the size of the square is proportional to the number of subjects in the study and the horizontal line indicates the 95% confidence interval. Diamonds represent the 95% confidence intervals for the sub-total and total differences. Studies are ordered by effect size. WMD indicates weighted mean difference; CI, confidence interval; HC indicates subjects with hypercholesterolaemia as defined by study authors; Type II, type II diabetes mellitus; CAD, coronary artery disease; PAD, peripheral artery disease; RF, renal failure; HHcy, hyperhomocysteinemia; OB, obese; AMI, acute myocardial infarction; N, normal healthy subjects; Type I, type 1 diabetes mellitus; HT, hypertension; FHx, family history of cardiovascular disease; RTR, renal transplant recipients [8–10, 34–50].