Table 1 Baseline characteristics of participants without prevalent coronary heart disease by ABI category, the ARIC study, 1987–1989*
Characteristic | ≤ 0.80 (N = 124) | (0.80–0.90] (N = 259) | (0.90–1.00] (N = 1173) | (1.00–1.10] (N = 3178) | (1.10–1.20] (N = 4370) | (1.20–1.30] (N = 3087) | >1.30 (N = 1397) | P value† |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Male, % | 50.0 | 23.6 | 22.7 | 32.8 | 44.6 | 54.1 | 59.1 | <0.001 |
African American, % | 44.4 | 28.6 | 26.7 | 27.3 | 26.8 | 25.0 | 22.1 | <0.001 |
Age, y | 57.3 (5.2) | 54.9 (5.9) | 53.6 (5.8) | 53.6 (5.7) | 53.9 (5.7) | 54.2 (5.8) | 55.0 (5.6) | <0.001 |
Height, cm | 167.6 (9.0) | 164.9 (8.3) | 164.4 (8.2) | 166.4 (8.7) | 168.8 (9.2) | 170.3 (9.4) | 171.1 (9.5) | <0.001 |
Smoking status, % | ||||||||
Current smoker | 62.9 | 43.6 | 32.3 | 27.1 | 24.8 | 22.7 | 20.8 | <0.001 |
Former smoker | 24.2 | 22.4 | 27.1 | 29.3 | 32.3 | 35.1 | 32.5 | |
Never smoker | 12.9 | 34.0 | 40.6 | 43.6 | 42.9 | 42.2 | 46.7 | |
Hypertension, % | 64.5 | 41.3 | 37.2 | 35.6 | 32.9 | 29.2 | 29.7 | <0.001 |
Diabetes, % | 24.2 | 13.5 | 10.2 | 8.6 | 8.4 | 7.5 | 8.6 | <0.001 |
HDL-C, mmol/L | 1.22 (0.39) | 1.35 (0.45) | 1.38 (0.44) | 1.40 (0.45) | 1.36 (0.45) | 1.32 (0.43) | 1.30 (0.42) | <0.001 |
LDL-C, mmol/L | 3.99 (1.06) | 3.67 (1.17) | 3.58 (1.03) | 3.56 (1.04) | 3.52 (1.01) | 3.51 (0.98) | 3.53 (0.98) | 0.017 |
Carotid IMT, mm§ | 0.94 (0.32) | 0.79 (0.23) | 0.73 (0.20) | 0.72 (0.19) | 0.71 (0.17) | 0.71 (0.16) | 0.72 (0.17) | 0.47 |
Rose intermittent claudication, % | 11.4 | 3.1 | 1.2 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.1 | 0.4 | <0.001 |