Table 2 Sex-specific hazard ratios of death within one year of a heart failure-related hospitalization
From: Historical trends in survival of hospitalized heart failure patients: 2000 versus 1995
Hazard Ratio (95% Confidence Interval) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Variable | Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | Model 4 | Model 5 |
Men (N = 2,203) | |||||
Year 2000 (vs. 1995) | 0.76 (0.65–0.88) | 0.77 (0.67–0.90) | 0.75 (0.65–0.88) | 0.75 (0.65–0.88) | 0.82 (0.70–0.96) |
Age (per 1 year) | -- | 1.03 (1.02–1.04) | 1.03 (1.02–1.04) | 1.03 (1.02–1.04) | 1.03 (1.02–1.04) |
History of CHF | -- | -- | 1.61 (1.35–1.91) | 1.67 (1.41–1.99) | 1.56 (1.31–1.85) |
ACE inhibitor (in hospital) | -- | -- | -- | 0.52 (0.45–0.60) | -- |
Beta blocker (in hospital) | -- | -- | -- | -- | 0.76 (0.63–0.90) |
Women (N = 1,879) | |||||
Year 2000 (vs. 1995) | 0.99 (0.83–1.18) | 1.00 (0.84–1.19) | 0.96 (0.80–1.14) | 0.93 (0.78–1.11) | 1.13 (0.94–1.36) |
Age (per 1 year) | -- | 1.03 (1.02–1.04) | 1.03 (1.02–1.04) | 1.03 (1.02–1.04) | 1.03 (1.02–1.04) |
History of CHF | -- | -- | 1.44 (1.18–1.75) | 1.45 (1.20–1.77) | 1.40 (1.15–1.70) |
ACE inhibitor (in hospital) | -- | -- | -- | 0.61 (0.51–0.73) | -- |
Beta blocker (in hospital) | -- | -- | -- | -- | 0.56 (0.45–0.69) |