Study | Population | Age | Interventions | Primary end-point | Relative risk of primary end-point (95% CI) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
AFASAK I [15]. | Primary care. N = 671 (in relevant arms) | No age limits. Mean age 74 yrs. | 3 arm study including warfarin (INR 2.8–4.2) and aspirin (75 mg). | Stroke, transient ischaemic attack and systemic embolus. | Not given. RR on warfarin as compared to aspirin or placebo: 0.36 |
EAFT [14]. | TIA or minor stroke in preceding 3/12 N = 455 (in relevant arms) | 65% were >69 yrs | 3 arm study, including anti-coagulant (INR 2.5–4.0) and aspirin (300 mg). | Death from vascular disease; non-fatal stroke (including haemorrhage); non-fatal myocardial infarction or systemic embolus | 0.60 (0.41 to 0.87) |
SPAF II [16]. | N = 385 | >75 yrs | Warfarin (INR 2.0–4.5) vs aspirin (325 mg). | Ischaemic stroke and systemic embolus | 0.73 (0.37 to 1.5) 1.07 (stroke with residual deficit including haemorrhagic) |
AFASAK II [8]. | Primary care. N = 339 (in relevant arms) | No upper age limit. Mean age 73 yrs. | 3 arm study, including warfarin (INR 2.0–3.0) and aspirin (300 mg) arms. | Stroke (ischaemic or haemorrhagic) or systemic thrombo-embolus. | 1.26 (intention to treat) 0.78 (treatment received analysis) |
SIFA [43]. | Recent cerebral ischaemia N = 916 | Age > 30 yrs Mean age 72 yrs. | Warfarin (INR 2.0–3.5) vs indobufen (200 mg bd or 100 mg bd if creatinine clearance < 80 mls/min). | Stroke (including haemorrhagic), myocardial infarction, pulmonary embolus, systemic embolus or vascular death | 0.85 (not significant) |
SPAF III [6]. | At least 1 risk factor for stroke N = 1044 | No upper age limit. Mean age 71 yrs. | Warfarin (INR 2.0–3.0) vs aspirin (325 mg) and fixed mini-dose warfarin (INR 1.2–1.5). | Ischaemic stroke and systemic embolus | 0.26 (0.13 to 0.50) |
PATAF [9]. | Primary care. N = 272 (in relevant arms) | Age 60–78. Mean age 70 yrs. | 3 arm study including warfarin (INR 2.5–3.5) and aspirin (150 mg). | Stroke, systemic embolus, major haemorrhage or vascular death. | 0.78 (0.34 to1.8) |