| |
Young
|
Middle
|
Older
|
|---|
| |
< 40 years old
|
40-65 years old
|
> 65 years old
|
|---|
| |
(n = 15)
|
(n = 15)
|
(n = 15)
|
|---|
|
LV M-Mode
| | | |
|
HR (beats.min-1)
|
56.8 (8.1)
|
59.1 (6.0)
|
60.6 (14.1)
|
|
LAD diameter (mm)
|
35.7 (4.6)
|
35.6 (3.9)
|
36.3 (5.5)
|
|
LVED diameter (mm)
|
52.9 (3.7)
|
50.0 (3.5)
|
50.3 (3.5)
|
|
LVES diameter (mm)
|
34.9 (4.0)
|
32.1 (5.3)
|
33.7 (5.6)
|
|
IVSD diameter (mm)
|
10.5 (0.5)
|
11.5 (1.4)
|
11.8 (1.2)*
|
|
PWD diameter (mm)
|
10.6 (0.9)
|
11.3 (1.3)
|
11.1 (1.1)
|
|
RWT (mm)
|
0.40 (0.1)
|
0.45 (0.1)*
|
0.46 (0.1)*
|
|
LV mass (g)
|
221.6 (36.3)
|
216.5 (38.4)
|
229.4 (42.5)
|
|
LV mass index (g.m-2.7)
|
44.9 (6.4)
|
45.7 (7.7)
|
52.9 (9.3)*#
|
|
LV ejection fraction (%)
|
63.5 (5.2)
|
64.2 (6.5)
|
63.1 (6.9)
|
|
LV Pulsed-Doppler
| | | |
|
E velocity (cm.s-1)
|
75.1 (13.1)
|
67.5 (9.3)
|
62.6 (14.7)*
|
|
A velocity (cm.s-1)
|
40.4 (6.6)
|
55.9 (11.7)*
|
66.8 (25.8)***
|
|
E/A
|
1.9 (0.5)
|
1.3 (0.4)***
|
1.0 (0.3)***
|
|
E deceleration time (ms)
|
163.9 (22.4)
|
168.1 (16.5)
|
191.9 (38.8)*
|
|
IVRT (ms)
|
94.3 (11.7)
|
110.8 (16.4)*
|
115.6 (25.0)*
|
|
LV Pulsed-TDI
| | |
|
Em (cm.s-1)
|
14.2 (2.2)
|
10.3 (2.8)***
|
8.4 (2.2)***
|
|
Am (cm.s-1)
|
6.6 (0.8)
|
8.0 (1.7)
|
9.0 (2.4)*
|
|
Sm (cm.s-1)
|
8.0 (0.7)
|
7.4 (1.5)
|
7.5 (1.3)
|
|
E/Em
|
4.9 (0.8)
|
6.1 (1.7)
|
7.4 (2.7)*
|
|
Right ventricle
| | | |
|
EAT (mm)
|
0.25 (0.09)
|
0.39 (0.10)*
|
0.57 (0.24)***#
|
|
RV Sm (cm.s-1)
|
13.6 (1.7)
|
11.2 (1.5)*
|
11.7 (2.2)*
|
|
TAPSE (mm)
|
22.8 (1.8)
|
20.6 (1.4)
|
21.6 (3.4)
|
-
Data are means (standard deviations). LV: Left ventricular, HR: Heart rate, LAD: Left atrial diastolic, LVED: Left ventricular end diastolic, LVES: Left ventricular end systolic, IVSD: Interventricular septum diastolic, PWD: Posterior wall diastolic, RWT: Relative wall thickness, IVRT: Isovolumic relaxation time, EAT: Epicardial adipose tissue, RV: Right ventricle, TAPSE: Tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion. *: p < 0.05 vs. Young; ***: p < 0.001 vs. Young; #: p < 0.05 vs. Middle; ###: p < 0.001 vs. Middle.
