Figure 2

Four observed comorbidity profiles in adult hospitalizations with a principal diagnosis of heart failure. Radar graphs present within-profile prevalence of differentiating comorbidities from 0% (center of graph) to 100% (outside of graph). The common profile (A) had the lowest prevalence of cerebrovascular disease, myocardial infarction, peripheral vascular disorders, depression, renal disease, fluid and electrolyte disorders, hypertension, and obesity compared with the other profiles. Key attributes of the lifestyle profile (B) were high rates of uncomplicated diabetes, hypertension, chronic pulmonary disorders and obesity. Key attributes of the renal profile (C) were high rates of renal disease, diabetes with complications and fluid and electrolyte imbalances. Key attributes of the neurovascular profile (D) were high rates of cerebrovascular disease, paralysis, myocardial infarction, peripheral vascular disease, neurological disorders and depression. Prevalence estimates were generated using discharge weights (n = 192,327; population estimate n = 976,664). All differences by comorbidity profile were statistically significant (all p < 0.0001).