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Table 2 Baseline characteristics and laboratory findings according to gender and BMI groups a

From: Association of body mass index with risk of acute myocardial infarction and mortality in Norwegian male and female patients with suspected stable angina pectoris: a prospective cohort study

 

Men

 

Women

  
 

Total

Normal weight

Overweight

Obese

 

Total

Normal weight

Overweight

Obese

  
 

n = 2989

n = 959

n = 1517

n = 513

p-valueb

n = 1142

n = 436

n = 453

n = 253

p-valuec

p-valued

Demographic characteristics

         

Age (years)e

61 (10)

63 (11)

61 (10)

59 (10)

<0.001

63 (10)

63 (19)

64 (11)

63 (10)

0.52

<0.001

Clinical parameters

          

Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)

141 (20.4)

140 (20.5)

141 (20.3)

143 (20.4)

0.03

141 (21.6)

138 (22.1)

143 (21.6)

144 (20.2)

<0.01

0.94

Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)

81.8 (10.4)

79.6 (10.1)

82.2 (10.0)

84.3 (11.1)

<0.001

80.0 (10.3)

78.4 (10.8)

80.9 (10.1)

81.0 (9.60)

<0.001

<0.001

Left ventricular ejection fraction (%)

63.1 (11.8)

62.6 (12.4)

63.7 (11.1)

62.1 (12.4)

<0.01

66.5 (9.81)

65.9 (10.3)

66.9 (9.21)

66.8 (9.93)

0.30

<0.001

Cardiovascular risk factors, n (%)

         

Diabetesf

361 (12.1)

97 (10.1)

158 (10.4)

106 (20.7)

<0.001

135 (11.8)

26 (6.0)

51 (11.3)

58 (22.9)

<0.001

0.82

Current smokerg

803 (26.9)

305 (31.8)

375 (24.8)

123 (24.0)

<0.001

258 (22.7)

112 (25.7)

94 (20.8)

52 (22.7)

0.16

<0.01

Ex smokerh

1595 (53.4)

448 (46.7)

842 (55.6)

305 (59.6)

<0.001

338 (29.7)

123 (28.2)

133 (29.5)

82 (32.7)

0.47

<0.001

Family history of coronary heart diseasei

844 (29.0)

258 (27.8)

417 (28.1)

169 (33.9)

0.03

409 (36.4)

159 (37.3)

156 (34.9)

94 (37.6)

0.69

<0.001

Cardiovascular history, n (%)

         

Previous acute myocardial infarction

1346 (45.9)

429 (44.7)

668 (44.0)

249 (48.5)

0.20

324 (28.4)

135 (31.0)

116 (25.6)

73 (28.9)

0.21

<0.001

Previous cerebrovascular disease

203 (6.9)

69 (7.2)

101 (6.7)

33 (6.4)

0.82

83 (7.3)

31 (7.1)

27 (6.0)

25 (9.9)

0.16

0.59

Previous peripheral vascular arterial disease

276 (9.2)

114 (11.9)

115 (7.6)

47 (9.2)

<0.01

95 (8.3)

39 (8.9)

33 (7.3)

23 (9.1)

0.59

0.36

Previous percutaneous coronary intervention

641 (21.4)

193 (20.1)

340 (22.4)

108 (21.1)

0.39

153 (13.4)

57 (13.1)

56 (12.4)

40 (15.8)

0.42

<0.001

Previous coronary artery bypass graft surgery

394 (13.2)

116 (12.1)

205 (13.5)

73 (14.2)

0.44

83 (7.3)

34 (7.8)

33 (7.3)

16 (6.3)

0.77

<0.01

Extent of coronary artery disease at baseline as assessed by coronary angiography, n (%)

      

No significant coronary artery disease

538 (18.0)

179 (17.7)

280 (18.5)

88 (17.2)

0.77

492 (43.1)

197 (45.2)

187 (41.3)

108 (42.7)

0.50

<0.001

1-vessel disease

704 (23.6)

218 (22.7)

373 (24.6)

113 (22.0)

0.38

254 (22.2)

88 (20.2)

109 (24.1)

57 (22.5)

0.38

0.37

2-vessel disease

731 (24.5)

236 (24.6)

360 (23.7)

135 (26.3)

0.50

192 (16.8)

72 (16.5)

80 (17.7)

40 (15.8)

0.80

<0.001

3-vesseldisease

1016 (34.0)

335 (34.9)

504 (33.2)

177 (34.5)

0.66

204 (17.9)

79 (18.1)

77 (17.0)

48 (19.0)

0.79

<0.001

Comorbidity at baseline, n (%)

         

Pulmonary disease

276 (9.2)

96 (10.0)

115 (7.6)

65 (12.7)

0.04

91 (8.0)

43 (9.9)

25 (5.5)

23 (9.1)

<0.01

0.20

Cancer

4 (0.1)

2 (0.20)

1 (0.10)

1 (0.20)

0.59

0 (0.0)

0

0

0

-

0.22

Medication following baseline coronary angiography, n (%)

       

Acetylsalisylic acid

2546 (85.2)

810 (84.5)

1306 (86.1)

430 (83.8)

0.13

830 (72.7)

304 (69.7)

332 (73.3)

194 (76.7)

0.34

<0.001

Statins

2492 (83.4)

759 (79.1)

1296 (85.4)

437 (85.2)

<0.001

818 (71.6)

305 (70.0)

330 (72.8)

183 (72.3)

0.61

<0.001

β-blockers

2229 (74.6)

684 (71.3)

1155 (76.1)

390 (76.0)

0.02

765 (67.0)

286 (65.6)

301 (66.4)

178 (70.4)

0.42

<0.001

ACE inhibitors

644 (21.5)

171 (17.8)

320 (21.1)

153 (29.8)

<0.001

214 (18.7)

72 (16.2)

83 (18.3)

59 (23.3)

0.08

0.05

Loop diuretics

297 (9.9)

90 (9.4)

128 (8.4)

79 (15.4)

<0.001

150 (13.1)

37 (8.5)

54 (11.9)

59 (23.3)

<0.001

<0.01

Coronary revascularization following baseline coronary angiography, n (%)

      

Percutaneous coronary intervention

1065 (35.6)

327 (34.1)

545 (35.9)

193 (37.6)

0.38

283 (24.8)

105 (24.1)

118 (26.0)

60 (23.7)

0.72

<0.001

Coronary artery bypass graft surgery

731 (24.5)

248 (25.9)

363 (23.9)

120 (23.4)

0.46

161 (14.1)

54 (12.4)

75 (16.6)

32 (12.6)

0.15

<0.001

Biochemical markers

          

Creatinine (μmol/L)

96.4 (31.7)

96.6 (30.5)

96.4 (34.9)

95.9 (23.3)

0.93

82.8 (26.5)

83.9 (36.7)

81.4 (14.5)

83.4 (21.5)

0.35

<0.001

eGFR (mL/min)

89.3 (17.0)

87.5 (16.6)

89.7 (16.6)

91.2 (16.9)

<0.001

84.1 (17.3)

83.4 (17.6)

84.6 (16.1)

84.2 (18.7)

0.58

<0.001

CRP (mg/L)

3.66 (7.59)

3.55 (8.91)

3.58 (6.99)

4.07 (6.49)

0.39

3.79 (5.93)

2.88(5.17

3.62 (5.43)

5.66 (7.42)

<0.001

0.59

Glucose (mmol/L)

6.41 (2.38)

6.08 (2.42)

6.33 (2.14)

7.26 (2.77)

<0.001

6.20 (2.46)

5.60 (1.75)

6.30 (2.68)

7.06 (2.82)

<0.001

0.01

HbA1c (mmol/L)

6.17 (1.39)

6.16 (1.11)

6.40 (1.52)

6.62 (1.49)

<0.001

6.36 (1.38)

6.10 (1.36)

6.11 (1.37)

6.46 (1.43)

<0.001

<0.001

Hemoglobin (g/dL)

14.6 (1.16)

14.2 (1.21)

14.7 (1.07)

14.8 (1.16)

<0.001

13.4 (1.05)

13.3 (1.04)

13.5 (1.04)

13.5 (1.05)

<0.01

<0.001

ApoA1 (g/L)

1.26 (0.25)

1.31 (0.27)

1.25 (0.23)

1.20 (0.23)

<0.001

1.46 (0.27)

1.49 (0.28)

1.45 (0.26

1.42 (0.27)

<0.01

<0.001

ApoB (g/L)

0.90 (0.25)

0.86 (0.24)

0.90 (0.24)

0.93 (0.27)

<0.001

0.92 (0.25)

0.88 (0.24)

0.94 (0.26)

0.94 (0.25)

<0.01

<0.01

Total cholesterol (mmol/L)

4.98 (1.17)

5.18 (1.12)

5.39 (1.14)

5.25 (1.16)

0.30

5.28 (1.14)

5.18 (1.12)

5.39 (1.14)

5.25 (1.16)

0.02

<0.001

LDL cholesterol (mmol/L)

3.05 (1.02)

3.03 (1.01)

3.06 (0.98)

3.07 (1.13)

0.64

3.19 (1.03)

3.08 (1.02)

3.30 (1.03)

3.18 (1.04)

<0.01

<0.001

HDL cholesterol (mmol/L)

1.22 (0.33)

1.33 (0.38)

1.19 (0.29)

1.09 (0.26)

<0.001

1.47 (0.42)

1.57 (0.44)

1.45 (0.39)

1.34 (0.37)

<0.001

<0.001

Triglycerides (mmol/L)

1.85 (1.28)

1.48 (0.97)

1.91 (1.30)

2.32 (1.52)

<0.001

1.62 (1.03)

1.34 (0.72)

1.67 (1.18)

2.00 (1.07)

<0.001

<0.001

Lp(a) (mmol/L)

0.41 (0.37)

0.43 (0.41)

0.48 (0.45)

0.47 (0.40)

0.79

0.46 (0.42)

0.43 (0.41)

0.48 (0.45)

0.47 (0.40)

0.11

<0.01

WENBIT intervention trial, n (%)

2047 (68.5)

614 (64.0)

1072 (70.7)

361 (70.4)

<0.01

513 (44.9)

183 (42.0)

211 (46.6)

119 (47.0)

0.29

<0.001

B6, n (% of WENBIT participants)

1043 (34.9)

320 (52.1)

553 (51.9)

170 (47.1)

0.19

239 (20.9)

89 (48.6)

96 (45.5)

54 (45.4)

0.94

<0.001

Folate/B12, n (% of WENBIT participants)

1031 (34.5)

301 (49.0)

555 (51.8)

175 (48.5)

0.03

244 (21.4)

93 (50.8)

102 (48.3)

49 (41.2)

0.92

<0.001

  1. ACE, angiotensin converting enzyme; ApoA1, apolipoprotein A1; ApoB, apolipoprotein B; BMI, body mass index; CRP, c-reactive protein; eGFR, esitimated glomerular filtration rate; HDL, high density lipoprotein; LDL, low density lipoprotein; Lp(a), lipoprotein (a).
  2. aNormal weight (BMI 18.5-24.9 kg/m2), overweight (BMI 25–29.9 kg/m2) and obese (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2).
  3. bBased on differences between BMI groups among men, and was calculated by ANOVA for continuous variables and Chi squared test for categorical variables for differences between men and women.
  4. cBased on differences between BMI groups among women, and was calculated by ANOVA for continuous variables and Chi squared test for categorical variables for differences between men and women.
  5. dBased on between group differences in men vs. women, and was calculated by independent samples t-test for continuous variables and Chi squared test for categorical variables.
  6. eMean (SD).
  7. fIncludes DM type 1 and 2.
  8. gSmokers included self-reported current smoking, those who quit smoking within <1 month and patients with plasma cotinine >85 ng/mL.
  9. hPatients reported to have quit smoking > 1 month prior to inclusion.
  10. iIncluded those reporting to have at least one 1st degree relative suffering from CAD before the age of 55 for men and 65 for women.
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