Study population(n = 364) | Control (n = 93) | P-value | |
---|---|---|---|
Characteristics | Mean (± SD) | Mean (± SD) | |
Age (years) | 66.2 ± 10.2 | 65.3 ± 7.1 | 0.417 |
Male, n (%) | 233 (64%) | 49 (53%) | 0.056 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 24.99 ± 3.30 | 23.80 ± 3.40 | 0.002* |
Waist-to-hip ratio | 0.93 ± 0.06 | 0.91 ± 0.08 | <0.001* |
Ischemic stroke, n (%) | 49 (13.46) | ---- | <0.001* |
Coronary artery disease, n (%) | 224 (61.54) | ---- | <0.001* |
Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 200 (54.95) | ---- | <0.001* |
Hypertension, n (%) | 232 (63.74) | 22 (23.66) | <0.001* |
Hyperlipidaemia, n (%) | 232 (63.74) | 30 (32.26) | <0.001* |
Smokers, n (%) | 165 (45.33) | 14 (15.05) | <0.001* |
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 141.00 ± 19.85 | 127.82 ± 18.04 | <0.001* |
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 79.16 ± 9.19 | 75.06 ± 9.32 | <0.001* |
Total serum cholesterol (mmol/L) | 4.50 ± 0.89 | 5.12 ± 0.83 | <0.001* |
Serum HDL-C (mmol/L) | 1.28 ± 0.34 | 1.48 ± 0.40 | <0.001* |
Serum LDL-C (mmol/L) | 2.56 ± 0.72 | 3.05 ± 0.76 | <0.001* |
Serum triacylglycerol (mmol/L) | 1.49 ± 0.97 | 1.34 ± 0.74 | 0.167 |
Fasting glucose (mmol/L) | 6.36 ± 2.07 | 5.16 ± 0.60 | <0.001* |
HbA1c (%) | 7.05 ± 1.48 | 6.63 ± 5.33 | 0.192 |
Medications | |||
Beta-blocker, n (%) | 184 (50.55) | 6 (6.5) | <0.001* |
ACEI/ARB, n (%) | 36 (9.9) | ----- | <0.001* |
Statin, n (%) | 226 (62.09) | 3 (3.2) | <0.001* |
PWV (cm/s) | 1102.17 ± 144.54 | 1079.48 ± 135.09 | 0.172 |