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Table 4 Difference of mean values of the clinical variables according to the tertile levels of brachial PP

From: Differential associations of central and brachial blood pressure with carotid atherosclerosis and microvascular complications in patients with type 2 diabetes

 

1STtertile

2ndtertile

3rdtertile

P for trend

Central PP (mmHg)

40.1 ± 6.6

47.5 ± 7.0

60.6 ± 14.6

<0.01

Central SBP (mmHg)

113.2 ± 13

119.9 ± 12.3

132 ± 19.1

<0.01

Brachial SBP (mmHg)

110.9 ± 11.6

120 ± 9.8

133.5 ± 15.5

<0.01

Brachial DBP (mmHg)

73.1 ± 9.6

72.4 ± 9.4

71.3 ± 10.9

0.3

Brachial PP (mmHg)

37.8 ± 4.3

47.6 ± 2.1

62.1 ± 10.2

<0.01

Age (years)

50.5 ± 9

54.6 ± 10.7

62.4 ± 10.8

<0.01

BMI (kg/m2)

24.5 ± 3.2

25.5 ± 3

24.7 ± 3

0.82

Duration of DM (years)

6.1 ± 5.1

7.7 ± 5.7

11.8 ± 9.9

<0.01

HbA1C (%)

7.8 ± 1.6

7.6 ± 1.8

7.5 ± 1.5

0.3

Total cholesterol (mg/dL)

159 ± 35.7

159.3 ± 36.4

170.6 ± 35.8

0.09

Triglycerides (mg/dL)

123 (80, 162)

121 (91, 181)

117 (81, 153)

0.69

HDL-C (mg/dL)

47.4 ± 11

46.6 ± 12.1

50.2 ± 15.9

0.26

LDL-C (mg/dL)

93.6 ± 32.9

90.5 ± 32.7

101.4 ± 33.4

0.28

eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2)

82.2 ± 16

78.1 ± 14.9

67.2 ± 19.8

<0.01

Diabetic nephropathy, n (%)

   

0.02

  No albuminuria

56 (37.6)

53 (35.6)

40 (26.8)

 

  Microalbuminuria

11 (28.9)

10 (26.3)

17 (44.7)

 

  Overt proteinuria

2 (22.2)

1 (11.1)

6 (66.7)

 

HOMA-IR

2.4 (1.7, 4.5)

2.9 (2.2, 4.8)

2.7 (1.9, 3.9)

0.97

hsCRP (mg/dL)

0.08 (0.05, 0.18)

0.09 (0.04, 0.16)

0.09 (0.05, 0.22)

0.68

Mean CIMT (mm)

0.58 ± 0.11

0.63 ± 0.16

0.75 ± 0.14

0.03

Mean PWV (cm/sec)

1370 ± 205

1587 ± 537

1752 ± 341

<0.01

Mean ABI

1.14 ± 0.05

1.14 ± 0.07

1.14 ± 0.08

0.74

  1. Data are shown as mean ± SD, median (interquartile range) or number (percentages).
  2. PP: pulse pressure; SBP: systolic blood pressure; SBP: systolic blood pressure; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; BMI: body mass index; DM: diabetes mellitus; HbA1c: hemoglobin A1c; HDL: high density lipoprotein; LDL: low density lipoprotein; eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate; HOMA-IR: homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance; hsCRP: high-sensitivity C-reactive protein; CIMT: carotid intima-media thickness; baPWV: brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity; ABI: ankle-brachial index.