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Table 6 Factors associated with metabolic syndrome (MetS) according to the IDF criteria among hypertensive patients at University of Gondar Hospital, July 1- August 31/2013

From: Metabolic syndrome among hypertensive patients at University of Gondar Hospital, North West Ethiopia: a cross sectional study

Variables

MetS

No MetS

Crude OR (95% CI)

P-value

Adjusted OR (95% CI)

P-value

Sex

      

 Male

28 (9.3)

87 (29)

1

 

1

 

Female

91(30.3)

94 (31.3)

3.01 (1.80, 5.03)

<0.001

4.34(2.09, 8.99)

<0.001

Age

      

 <30

5 (1.7)

15 (5)

1

   

 30-50

50 (16.7)

68(22.7)

2.21 (0.75, 6.47)

0.15

0.74(0.20, 2.71)

0.65

 >51

64 (21.3)

98 (32.7)

1.96 (0.68, 5.66)

0.21

1.27(0.34, 4.77)

0.73

Residence

      

 Urban

107 (35.7)

128 (42.7)

1

   

 Rural

12 (4)

53 (17.7)

0.27 (0.14, 0.53)

<0.001

0.60(0.25, 1.42)

0.24

Educational status

      

Unable to read and write

47 (15.7)

77 (25.7)

0.56(0.32, 0.97)

0.04

0.39(0.15, 1.02)

0.05

Primary schools

26 (8.7)

62 (20.7)

0.38 (0.21, 0.71)

0.02

0.40(0.17, 0.93)

0.03

 Secondary school or more

46 (15.3)

42 (14)

1

 

1

 

Occupation

      

 Government employee

24 (8)

27 (9)

2.96 (1.42, 6.18)

0.004

1.10(0.41, 2.91)

0.85

 Unemployed

74 (24.7)

84 (28)

2.94 (1.65, 5.24)

<0.001

1.64(0.78, 3.43)

0.19

 Self employed

21 (7)

70 (23.3)

1

 

1

 

Monthly income in ETB

      

 ≤ 600

66 (22)

116 (38.7)

1

   

 601-1500

39(13)

44 (14.7)

1.56 (0.92, 2.64)

0.10

1.57(0.81, 3.06)

0.19

 ≥1501

14 (4.7)

21 (7)

1.17 (0.56, 2.46)

0.68

1.16(0.40, 3.34)

0.79

Oil used in food preparation

    

1

 

 Palm oil

59 (19.7)

106 (35.3)

0.70(0.44, 1.11)

0.13

0.88(0.49, 1.56)

0.66

 Cereal oil

60 (20)

75 (25)

1

 

1

 

Duration since hypertension diagnosis

      

 < 1 year

34 (11.3)

75 (25)

1

 

1

 

 1-5 years

44 (14.7)

70 (23.3)

1.39 (0.80, 2.41)

0.25

0.59(0.19, 1.82)

0.36

 ≥6 years

41 (13.7)

36 (12)

2.51 (1.37, 4.60)

0.003

1.36(0.29, 6.32)

0.70

Duration since anti-hypertensive started

      

 < 1 year

39 (13.7)

82 (28.9)

1

 

1

 

 1-5 years

43 (15.1)

58 (20.4)

1.56(0.90, 2.70)

0.11

2.45(0.83, 7.23)

0.10

 ≥6 years

32 (11.3)

30 (10.6)

2.24 (1.20, 4.20)

0.01

1.11(0.24, 5.21)

0.90

Body Mass Index (BMI)

      

 Normal

46 (15.3)

133 (44.3)

1

 

1

 

Abnormal £

73 (24.3)

48 (16)

4.40(2.68, 7.21)

<0.001

3.10(1.73, 5.58)

<0.001

  1. ETB = Ethiopian birr, is the formal currency of the country; COR = crude odds ratio; AOR = adjusted odds ratio; CI = confidence interval.
  2. £Both high and low body mass index was merged together as abnormal BMI for analysis purpose;
  3. P-value < 0.2 was used to include the variables for adjusting in the multivariate binary logistic regression.