Table 3 Risk of heart failure in sulfonylurea users compared with metformin users, overall and subgroup analyses
| Â | Relative risk (95% confidence interval) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Â | Â | Â | Subgroup analyses | |||
Study Author, Year | Overall | Cohort studies | Monotherapya | Incident heart failure | New users | New or prevalent users |
Individual Studies | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Koro [39] | 0.96 (0.78, 1.19) | — | 0.96 (0.78, 1.19) | 0.96 (0.78, 1.19) | — | 0.96 (0.78, 1.19) |
McAlister [41] | 1.16 (0.96, 1.41) | 1.16 (0.96, 1.41) | 1.16 (0.96, 1.41) | 1.16 (0.96, 1.41) | 1.16 (0.96, 1.41) | — |
Horsdal [35] | 1.23 (0.78, 1.96) | 1.23 (0.78, 1.96) | 1.23 (0.78, 1.96) | — | — | 1.23 (0.78, 1.96) |
Tzoulaki [42] | 1.21 (1.13, 1.30) | 1.21 (1.13, 1.30) | 1.21 (1.13, 1.30) | 1.21 (1.13, 1.30) | — | 1.21 (1.13, 1.30) |
Karter [38] | 1.43 (1.01, 2.04) | 1.43 (1.01, 2.04) | — | 1.43 (1.01, 2.04) | 1.43 (1.01, 2.04) | — |
Meta-Analysis | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Fixed-effects, RR | 1.19 (1.12, 1.26) | 1.21 (1.14, 1.29) | 1.18 (1.11, 1.26) | 1.19 (1.12, 1.26) | 1.22 (1.03, 1.44) | 1.18 (1.11, 1.27) |
Random effects, RR | 1.17 (1.06, 1.29) | 1.21 (1.14, 1.29) | 1.15 (1.04, 1.28) | 1.16 (1.03, 1.31) | 1.22 (1.02, 1.46) | 1.13 (0.95, 1.33) |
Heterogeneity statistics | τ2 = 0.00 | τ2 = 0.00 | τ2 = 0.00 | τ2 = 0.01 | τ2 = 0.00 | τ2 = 0.01 |
|  | χ 2 = 5.25 | χ 2 = 1.06 | χ 2 = 4.15 | χ 2 = 5.22 | χ 2 = 1.04 | χ 2 = 4.11 |
(df = 4) | (df = 3) | (df = 3) | (df = 3) | (df = 1) | (df = 2) | |
| Â | I2 = 24% | I2 = 0% | I2 = 28% | I2 = 43% | I2 = 4% | I2 = 51% |