Table 2 Hazard ratios for diabetes incidence by blood pressure categories
Blood pressure categories | Number at risk | Diabetes cases | Person years | Diabetes cases per 100 000 person years | Age adjusted hazard ratios (95% CI) | Age and BMI adjusted hazard ratios (95% CI) | Age and multivariable adjusted* hazard ratios (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Systolic blood pressure | |||||||
< 130 mm Hg (normal) | 1 279 | 109 | 36292 | 300 | ref. | ref. | ref. |
130 – 139 mm Hg (high-normal) | 1 315 | 159 | 35541 | 447 | 1.56 (1.22-1.99) | 1.39 (1.09-1.78) | 1.43 (1.12-1.84) |
140 – 159 mm Hg (mild hypertension) | 2622 | 330 | 69845 | 472 | 1.66 (1.34-2.07) | 1.40 (1.13-1.75) | 1.43 (1.14-1.79) |
≥ 160 mm Hg (moderate/severe) | 2117 | 358 | 51695 | 693 | 2.68 (2.16-3.32) | 2.03 (1.63-2.52) | 1.95 (1.55-2.46) |
Increase per 10 mm Hg | 1.16 (1.13-1.18) | 1.12 (1.08-1.14) | 1.10 (1.07-1.14) | ||||
Diastolic blood pressure | |||||||
< 85 mm Hg (normal) | 1628 | 157 | 45528 | 345 | ref. | ref. | ref. |
85 – 89 mm Hg (high normal) | 896 | 83 | 24227 | 343 | 1.02 (0.78-1.33) | 0.95 (0.72-1.23) | 0.93 (0.70-1.22) |
≥ 90 mm Hg (hypertension) | 4809 | 716 | 123617 | 579 | 1.82 (1.53-2.16) | 1.41 (1.18-1.68) | 1.34 (1.12-1.62) |
Increase per 5 mm Hg | 1.14 (1.12-1.17) | 1.09 (1.06-1.11) | 1.08 (1.06-1.11) |