Table 1 Baseline characteristics of study population stratified in pacemaker (PM) and non pacemaker group (N-PM)
From: Predictive factors for pacemaker requirement after transcatheter aortic valve implantation
PM (n=23) | N-PM (n=22) | p | |
|---|---|---|---|
Clinical parameters | |||
Male, n (%) | 10 (43.5) | 8 (36.4) | 0.763 |
Age (yrs) | 80.7 ± 5.94 | 81.55 ± 7.90 | 0.684 |
Body mass index (kg/m2) | 26.9 ± 3.9 | 26.8 ± 4.0 | 0.883 |
Hypertension, n (%) | 22 (95.7) | 19 (86.4) | 0.346 |
Smoker, n (%) | 8 (34.8) | 4 (18.2) | 0.024 |
Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 10 (43.5) | 7 (31.8) | 0.542 |
Creatinine (μmol/l) | 151.2 ± 157.4 | 114.3 ± 51.6 | 0.372 |
Renal insufficiency (creatinine level > 1.5mg/dl), n (%) | 14 (60.9) | 11 (50) | 0.554 |
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, n (%) | 4 (17.1) | 4 (18.2) | 0.855 |
New York Heart Association functional class | |||
I | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0.263 |
II | 0 (0) | 2 (9.1) | |
III | 15 (65.2) | 15 (68.2) | |
IV | 8 (34.8) | 5 (22.7) | |
Logistic EuroSCORE (%) | 24.0 ± 14.6 | 18.4 ± 19.2 | 0.034 |
Dyspnoe, n (%) | 13 (56.6) | 12 (54.6) | 0.628 |
Angina, n (%) | 11 (47.5) | 6 (27.3) | 0.022 |
Syncope, n (%) | 3 (13.0) | 8 (36.4) | 0.091 |
Pulmonal artery pressure (mmHg) | 42.8 ± 17.7 | 37.6 ± 19.9 | 0.375 |
Porcelain aorta, n (%) | 1 (4.3) | 3 (13.6) | 0.346 |
Prior cardiac decompensation, n (%) | 13 (56.5) | 14 (63.7) | 0.763 |
Ischemic heart disease, n (%) | 20 (87.0) | 15 (68.2) | 0.017 |
Previous stroke, n (%) | 10 (43.5) | 3 (13.6) | 0.047 |
Previous CABG, n (%) | 1 (4.3) | 2 (9.1) | 0.838 |
Peripheral vessel disease, n (%) | 5 (21.7) | 1 (4.6) | 0.002 |
Echocardiographic parameters | |||
Mean aortic valve area (cm2) | 0.8 ± 0.2 | 0.7 ± 0.2 | 0.108 |
Left ventricular ejection fraction (%) | 46.1 ± 10.7 | 50.2 ± 12.5 | 0.224 |
Peak pressure gradient (mmHg) | 90.6 ± 24.1 | 86.6 ± 27.9 | 0.641 |
Mean pressure gradient (mmHg) | 57.7 ± 15.3 | 55.4 ± 15.6 | 0.674 |
Aortic annulus dimension (mm) | 23.30 ± 5.32 | 22.36 ± 6.85 | 0.141 |
Aortic bulbus dimension (mm) | 29.70 ± 5.86 | 28.61 ± 7.46 | 0.893 |
Interventricular septal dimension (mm) | 14.17 ± 3.82 | 13.55 ± 2.46 | 0.627 |
Aortic regurgitation grade ≥ I, n (%) | 19 (82.6) | 20 (90.9) | 0.692 |
Mitral insufficiency ≥ grade I, n (%) | 22 (95.7) | 19 (86.4) | 0.247 |