Table 1 Clinical characteristics of patients with combined chronic heart failure and chronic kidney disease that underwent MR study
Variable | All patients (n = 37) | Atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Present (n = 21) | Absent (n = 16) | |||
Age, years | 74 [68–80] | 74 [70–79] | 74 [60–82] | 0.83 |
Male sex, no. (%) | 23 (62.2) | 13 (61.9) | 10 (62.5) | 0.97 |
Body mass index (kg/m2) | 26.5 ± 4.2 | 26.3 ± 3.5 | 26.8 ± 5.1 | 0.84 |
Creatinine, umol/L | 190 ± 81 | 204 ± 83 | 172 ± 77 | 0.19 |
Cockcroft Gault (ml/min) | 37.4 ± 15.6 | 33.1 ± 12.3 | 42.9 ± 18.1 | 0.07 |
Haemoglobin (g/dL) | 11.7 ± 0.82 | 11.7 ± 0.81 | 11.7 ± 0.86 | 0.58 |
CRP (mg/L) | 5 [1.0-10.5] | 5 [1.5-9.5] | 4.5 [1.0-11.3] | 0.95 |
hsCRP (mg/L) | 4.0 [1.3-9.9] | 3.8 [1.3-8.3] | 5.8 [0.7-10.4] | 0.89 |
NTproBNP (pg/mL) | 1400 [621–2499] | 1680 [653–2229] | 1360 [503–2853] | 0.71 |
Micro albuminuria (mg/24 h) | 21.0 [10.3-218.0] | 41.5 [14.5-230.0] | 12.5 [8.5-93.8] | 0.25 |
SBP, mmHg | 145 ± 21.8 | 150 ± 21.6 | 138 ± 20.9 | 0.12 |
DBP, mmHg | 75 ± 11.5 | 76 ± 13.2 | 72 ± 8.6 | 0.23 |
24-h SBP, mmHg | 127 ± 15.3 | 126 ± 13.1 | 128 ± 18.3 | 0.73 |
24-h DBP, mmHg | 66 ± 8.2 | 66 ± 8.3 | 66 ± 8.3 | 1.00 |
No. of antihypertensive drugs | 3.5 [3.0-4.0] | 3.3 [3.0-4.0] | 3.8 [2.3-5.0] | 0.37 |
RAS inhibitor | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 n (%) | 36 (97.3) | 21 (100.0) | 15 (93.8) | 0.25 |
 % of recommended dose/day | 50 [38–100] | 50 [50–100] | 75 [25–138] | 0.80 |
β-blocker use, no. (%) | 30 (81.1) | 16 (76.2) | 14 (87.5) | 0.38 |
Diuretic use, no. (%) | 29 (78.4) | 16 (76.2) | 13 (81.3) | 0.71 |
 Loop diuretic, no. (%) | 24 (64.9) | 12 (57.0) | 12 (75.0) | 0.26 |
 Loop diuretic, dose/day* | 40 [0–80] | 40 [0–40] | 40 [20–110] | 0.17 |
Aldosterone antagonist, no. (%) | 5 (13.5) | 3 (23.8) | 2 (12.5) | 0.42 |
Statin use, no. (%) | 28 (75.7) | 15 (71.4) | 13 (81.3) | 0.49 |
Diabetes, no. (%) | 14 (37.8) | 5 (23.8) | 9 (56.3) | 0.04 |
Hypertension, no. (%) | 29 (78.4) | 18 (85.7) | 11 (68.8) | 0.21 |
Smoking history, no. (%) | 24 (64.9) | 15 (71.4) | 9 (56.3) | 0.38 |
Pack years | 16.4 [0–31] | 16.4 [0–33] | 11.5 [0–30] | 0.34 |
Cerebrovascular disease, no. (%) | 7 (18.9) | 6 (28.6) | 1 (6.3) | 0.11 |
Peripheral arterial disease, no. (%) | 14 (37.8) | 11 (52.4) | 3 (18.8) | 0.05 |
Kidney length (cm) (n = 34) | 10.9 ± 4.7 | 10.3 ± 2.2 | 11.5 ± 6.5 | 0.85 |
Aetiology of heart failure: | Â | Â | Â | 0.58 |
 Ischemic, no. (%) | 22 (59.5) | 13 (61.9) | 9 (56.3) |  |
 Hypertensive, no. (%) | 5 (13.5) | 3 (14.3) | 2 (12.5) |  |
 Valvular, no. (%) | 4 (10.8) | 3 (14.3) | 1 (6.3) |  |
 Other, no. (%) | 6 (16.2) | 2 (9.5) | 4 (25.0) |  |
NYHA class | Â | Â | Â | 0.21 |
II, no. (%) | 27 (73.0) | 17 (80.9) | 10 (62.5) | Â |
III/IV, no. (%) | 10 (27.0) | 4 (19.0) | 6 (37.5) | Â |