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Table 2 Age-adjusted changes (95 % confidence interval) in mean or prevalence of cardiovascular disease risk factors after 3 years in the population at reference and intervention communes, estimated by multilevel linear regression model

From: Effectiveness of community-based comprehensive healthy lifestyle promotion on cardiovascular disease risk factors in a rural Vietnamese population: a quasi-experimental study

 

Changes in reference commune after 3 years

Changes in intervention commune after 3 years

Difference-in-Difference between two communes

Female

Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)

−8.5 (−9.9; -7.2)

−11.8 (−13.1; -10.4)

−3.3 (−5.2; -1.4)

Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)

−0.8 (−1.6; -0.1)

−5.5 (−6.3; -4.7)

−4.7 (−5.7; -3.6)

Hypertension (%)

−7.5 (−10.6; -4.4)

−11.3 (−14.4; -8.2)

−3.8 (−8.2; 0.6)

Aware hypertension (%)

3.3 (−3.7; 10.3)

25.9 (18.8; 32.9)

22.5 (12.6; 32.5)

Treated hypertension (%)

4.1 (−1.1; 9.4)

55.8 (50.4; 61.1)

51.6 (44.1; 59.1)

Controlled blood pressure (%)

−0.4 (−3.5; 2.8)

19.0 (15.8; 22.3)

19.4 (14.8; 24.0)

Weight (kg)

−0.8 (−1.2; -0.5)

0.4 (0.1; 0.8)

1.3 (0.7; 1.8)

Body Mass Index (kg/cm2)

−0.6 (−0.8; -0.5)

−0.1 (−0.3; 0.03)

0.5 (0.3; 0.7)

Waist circumference (cm)

2.3 (1.9; 2.8)

3.8 (3.3; 4.2)

1.5 (0.8; 2.1)

Waist Hip Ratio (cm/cm)

0.03 (0.025; 0.034)

0.03 (0.025; 0.035)

−0.001 (−0.07; 0.01)

Obesity (%)

4.2 (1.9; 6.5)

7.3 (5.1; 9.6)

3.1 (−0.1; 6.3)

Daily smoking (%)

−0.01 (−0.5; 0.5)

−0.9 (−1.4; -0.4)

−0.9 (−1.6; -0.2)

Heavy drinking (%)

−0.4 (−0.7; -0.03)

−0.2 (−0.7; 0.3)

0.2 (−0.3; 0.7)

Salty diet (%)

−2.5 (−5.9; 1.0)

−8.9 (−12.3; -5.4)

−6.4 (−11.3; -1.5)

Physical inactivity (%)

1.2 (−1.5; 3.9)

7.3 (4.6; 10.0)

6.1 (2.3; 9.9)

Male

Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)

−5.0 (−7.0; -3.0)

−8.0 (−9.9; -6.2)

−3.0 (−5.8; -0.3)

Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)

0.4 (−0.7; 1.6)

−4.2 (−5.2; -3.1)

−4.6 (−6.2; -3.0)

Hypertension (%)

−3.1 (−8.1; 1.9)

−6.6 (−11.2; -2.0)

−3.5 (−10.3; 3.3)

Aware hypertension (%)

0.1 (−9.3; 9.5)

16.0 (8.6; 23.3)

15.9 (4.0; 27.8)

Treated hypertension (%)

9.5 (2.3; 16.7)

38.9 (33.1; 44.6)

29.4 (20.2; 38.6)

Controlled blood pressure (%)

1.4 (−2.4; 5.3)

10.0 (6.9; 13.2)

8.6 (3.6; 13.6)

Weight (kg)

−0.2 (−0.8; 0.3)

0.3 (−0.2; 0.8)

0.5 (−0.2; 1.2)

Body Mass Index (kg/cm2)

−0.5 (−0.7; -0.3)

−0.2 (−0.3; -0.01)

0.3 (0.03; 0.6)

Waist circumference (cm)

2.8 (2.0; 3.5)

3.1 (2.5; 3.8)

0.4 (−0.6; 1.4)

Waist Hip Ratio (cm/cm)

0.03 (0.019; 0.034)

0.02 (0.015; 0.028)

−0.01 (−0.015; 0.005)

Obesity (%)

−0.7 (−0.3; 1.8)

−1.8 (−4.2; 0.5)

−1.1 (−0.5; 2.3)

Daily smoking (%)

−2.3 (−7.1; 2.6)

10.5 (−3.4; 5.5)

3.3 (−3.2; 9.9)

Heavy drinking (%)

−11.6 (−17.1; -6.2)

−9.0 (−14.0; -4.0)

2.6 (−4.6; 10.0)

Salty diet (%)

0.2 (−5.4; 5.8)

−7.5 (−12.6; -2.3)

−7.6 (−15.2; -0.03)

Physical inactivity (%)

5.2 (1.1; 9.3)

6.4 (2.6; 10.2)

1.2 (−4.3; 6.8)