Skip to main content

Table 1 General characteristics of studied population (separated for women and men) at the reference and intervention communes in the baseline survey and after 3 years intervention, standardized by age

From: Effectiveness of community-based comprehensive healthy lifestyle promotion on cardiovascular disease risk factors in a rural Vietnamese population: a quasi-experimental study

Cardiovascular disease risk factors in women

Baseline Survey (2006)

After 3-year intervention (2009)

Reference

Intervention

p†

Reference

Intervention

p†

Social risk factors

Age (years)

48.5 ± 14.1

47.5 ± 14.0

0.179

47.8 ± 14.7

48.6 ± 13.6

0.237

Education: secondary school or higher (%)

68.2%

78.3%

<0.001

75.9%§

82.1%

0.004

Occupation: manual labour (%)

17.8%

30.6%

<0.001

25.5%§

32.4%

0.003

Behavioural risk factors

Current daily smoking (%)

0.2%

0.7%

0.146

0.2%

0.1%

0.588

Heavy alcohol consumption (%)

0.2%

0.2%

0.958

0.0%

0.0%

-

Physical inactivity (%)

8.8%

6.8%

0.150

8.4%

12.8%§

0.006

Salty diet (%)

19.9%

25.5%

0.011

17.5%

18.1%§

0.782

Biological risk factors

Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)

133.7 ± 21.5

132.1 ±21.3

0.154

125.1 ±20.7§

121.8 ±17.5§

0.001

Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)

77.6 ± 9.7

80.0 ±11.1

<0.001

76.6 ± 10.5

75.0 ± 9.5§

0.002

Weight (kg)

46.3 ± 6.1

46.4 ±6.5

0.743

45.3 ± 6.5§

47.0 ± 6.9

<0.001

Body Mass Index (kg/m2)

20.1 ± 2.2

20.2 ± 2.4

0.308

19.5 ± 2.4§

20.2 ± 2.5

<0.001

Waist circumference (cm)

67.7 ± 6.4

67.8 ± 6.7

0.884

69.7 ± 6.8§

71.9 ± 7.2§

<0.001

Hip circumference (cm)

84.3 ± 4.8

83.9 ± 4.8

0.108

84.1 ± 4.8

85.7 ± 5.2 §

<0.001

Waist-Hip-Ratio

0.80 ± 0.05

0.81 ± 0.05

0.140

0.83 ± 0.06§

0.84 ± 0.06§

0.003

Prevalence of obesity

5.4%

6.8%

0.254

8.9%§

14.6%§

0.001

Prevalence of hypertension

29.1%

30.6%

0.547

20.9%§

19.4%§

0.477

Awareness among hypertensives

21.0%

35.1%

0.001

23.6%

64.6%§

<0.001

Being treated among hypertensives

6.9%

1.8%

0.004

10.2%

51.4%§

<0.001

Well controlled among hypertensives

0.6%

0.7%

0.967

0.0%

18.0%§

<0.001

Social risk factors

Age (years)

50.8 ± 12.3

51.4 ± 12.3

0.474

50.9 ± 12.1

52.5 ± 12.3

0.048

Education: secondary school or higher (%)

81.3%

89.2%

0.001

82.0%

89.8%

0.001

Occupation: manual labour (%)

25.7%

41.4%

<0.001

30.9%

40.3%

0.004

Behavioural risk factors

Current daily smoking (%)

47.9%

47.8%

0.967

45.8%

45.5%

0.930

Heavy alcohol consumption (%)

34.4%

37.9%

0.289

23.8%§

27.5%§

0.201

Physical inactivity (%)

9.0%

10.1%

0.613

11.6%

17.5%§

0.015

Salty diet (%)

32.1%

44.0%

0.001

30.9%

35.8%§

0.122

Biological risk factors

Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)

136.5 ±20.4

139.4 ±20.3

0.037

132.5 ±19.0 §

133.7 ±18.6 §

0.355

Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)

80.9 ± 10.3

85.3 ± 11.0

<0.001

81.8 ± 10.6

82.2 ± 11.4 §

0.603

Weight (kg)

52.9 ± 7.3

52.8 ± 8.1

0.927

52.7 ± 7.9

53.3 ± 7.5

0.236

Body Mass Index (kg/m2)

20.3 ± 2.4

20.5 ± 2.7

0.412

19.9 ± 2.6 §

20.4 ± 2.4

0.006

Waist circumference (cm)

71.0 ± 7.5

71.5 ± 8.0

0.320

74.1 ± 8.0 §

74.5 ± 7.3 §

0.438

Hip circumference (cm)

85.5 ± 5.6

85.0 ± 5.3

0.192

86.3 ± 5.2

86.5 ± 5.5 §

0.500

Waist-Hip-Ratio

0.83 ± 0.06

0.84 ± 0.06

0.018

0.86 ± 0.06 §

0.86 ± 0.05 §

0.521

Prevalence of obesity

5.2%

7.6%

0.173

6.2%

5.0%

0.440

Prevalence of hypertension

34.0%

46.7%

<0.001

31.0%

39.7%§

0.008

Awareness among hypertensives

24.7%

31.3%

0.176

27.4%

45.0%§

<0.001

Being treated among hypertensives

4.7%

3.0%

0.418

15.6%§

36.5%§

<0.001

Well controlled among hypertensives

0.0%

0.4%

0.444

1.6%

8.0%§

0.009

  1. †: in comparison between reference and intervention commune; §: significant in comparison before and after 3 year interventions.