From: Heart Disease and Left Ventricular Rotation – A Systematic Review and Quantitative Summary
Study Details | Matched Controls | Apical Rotation | Basal Rotation | Twist | Torsion | Twist Rate | Time to Peak Twist | Peak Untwist Rate | Untwist Rate | Time to Peak Untwist | Additional Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Wang et al. 2008 Case–control Level 3 D&B = 23 2D-STE* | No | ↔ | Diastolic dysfunction group had normal ejection fraction but had diastolic heart failure. | ||||||||
Perry et al. 2008 Case–control Level 3 D&B = 20 2D-STE** | No | Early diastolic apical untwist was reduced in abnormal relaxation vs. controls, was further reduced in pseudonormal relaxation and reduced additionally in restrictive filling. | |||||||||
Phan et al. 2009 Case–control Level 3 D&B = 20 2D-STE** | Yes | ↔ | ↔ | ↔ | ↔ | ↔ | Diastolic dysfunction group had normal ejection fraction but had diastolic heart failure. | ||||
Jang et al. 2009 Case–control Level 3 D&B = 20 2D-STE*** | No | ↔ | ↔ | Participants with diastolic dysfunction were separated into those with intermediate (11.1) or elevated (18.2) E/E' ratio. Apical rotation was borderline increased in those with intermediate but not elevated E/E' (P = 0.07). | |||||||
Park et al. 2008 Case–control Level 3 D&B = 19 2D-STE*** | Yes | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↔ | ↑ | ↑/↓ | ↔ | Grade 1 diastolic dysfunction reported in table. Grade 2 group was not different from controls in any parameter. Grade 3 participants had reduced untwisting rate as compared to controls. | |
Mizuguchi et al. 2008 Case–control Level 3 D&B = 17 2D-STE** | Yes | ↔ | ↑ | Diastolic dysfunction group had reduced E/A (< 1) ratio but preserved ejection fraction. |