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Table 2 Risk of new AMI hospitalization associated with current use of COX-2 selective and non-selective NSAIDs

From: Risk of new acute myocardial infarction hospitalization associated with use of oral and parenteral non-steroidal anti-inflammation drugs (NSAIDs): a case-crossover study of Taiwan's National Health Insurance claims database and review of current evidence

 

Number of patients exposed to the drug during

Crude

Adjusted

  
 

study period

case period but not control period

control period but not case period

OR*

95%CI

OR+

95%CI

OR$

95%CI

Oral

         

celecoxib

210

81

55

1.47

1.05 - 2.07

1.42

0.99 - 2.04

1.36

0.95 - 1.96

non-selective NSAIDs

         

   ketorolac

76

43

11

3.91

2.02 - 7.58

  

2.02

1.00 - 4.09

   flurbiprofen

129

54

29

1.86

1.19 - 2.92

  

1.71

1.06 - 2.74

   ibuprofen

755

278

178

1.56

1.29 - 1.89

  

1.45

1.19 - 1.76

   sulindac

242

93

61

1.53

1.10 - 2.11

  

1.44

1.02 - 2.03

   diclofenac

1,731

624

421

1.48

1.31 - 1.68

  

1.29

1.13 - 1.47

   acemetacin

349

136

93

1.46

1.12 - 1.90

  

1.28

0.96 - 1.70

   naproxen

231

78

56

1.39

0.99 - 1.96

  

1.26

0.88 - 1.81

   piroxicam

259

94

76

1.24

0.91 - 1.67

  

1.25

0.92 - 1.70

   indomethacin

184

67

44

1.52

1.04 - 2.23

  

1.22

0.82 - 1.83

   ketoprofen

70

28

22

1.27

0.73 - 2.23

  

1.17

0.64 - 2.11

   mefenamic acid

1,070

370

294

1.23

1.08 - 1.47

  

1.16

0.98 - 1.36

   meloxicam

327

106

96

1.10

0.84 - 1.46

  

0.97

0.73 - 1.30

   tiaprofenic acid

92

31

28

1.11

0.66 - 1.85

  

0.91

0.52 - 1.57

ns-NSAIDs overall

3,573

1,175

768

1.53

1.40 - 1.68

1.42

1.29 - 1.56

  

Parenteral

         

   ketorolac

364

245

35

6.99

4.91 - 9.96

  

4.27

2.90 - 6.29

   ketoprofen

125

69

20

3.45

2.10 - 5.68

  

2.34

1.31 - 4.19

   diclofenac

70

34

12

2.83

1.47 - 5.46

  

1.88

0.95 - 3.75

Parenteral NSAIDs overall

455

330

65

5.08

3.89 - 6.62

3.35

2.50 - 4.47

  
  1. OR = odds ratio; 95%CI = 95% confidence interval; ns-NSAIDs = non-selective NSAIDs
  2. * Crude analysis for oral drug users excluded those ever used parenteral drugs during study period; same exclusion of oral drugs use for parenteral users.
  3. + Conditional logistic regression for all patients of celecoxib, oral ns-NSAIDs overall, and parenteral ns-NSAIDs overall and adjusted for potential time-varying confounding variables of all discordant use of antihypertensive agents, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors or aldosterone receptor blockers, calcium channel blockers, statins, insulin, sulfonylurea, thiazolidinedione, and aspirin between case and control period.
  4. $ Conditional logistic regression for all 17 drugs included in one model with adjustment of above mentioned time-varying confounding variables.