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Table 3 Hazard ratios of subsequent death from CVD (2005.1.1-2007.12.31)

From: Gout and subsequent increased risk of cardiovascular mortality in non-diabetics aged 50 and above: a population-based cohort study in Taiwan

Cox models

Crude HR

95%CI

SE

P-Value

Adjusted HR*

95%CI

SE

P-Value

  

Low

Up

   

Low

Up

  

Model 1

Control group (without gout)

1

-

-

-

-

1

-

-

-

-

Case group (with gout)

1.69

1.65

1.74

0.01

<.0001

1.10

1.07

1.13

0.01

<.0001

Model 2

Gout but no CKD

1

-

-

-

-

1

-

-

-

-

Gout plus CKD

1.99

1.85

2.14

0.04

<.0001

1.40

1.29

1.51

0.04

<.0001

Model 3

Control without CKD

1

-

-

-

-

1

-

-

-

-

Control with CKD

3.35

3.24

3.47

0.02

<.0001

1.74

1.68

1.81

0.02

<.0001

Model 4

Control without CKD

1

-

-

-

-

1

-

-

-

-

Control with CKD

3.36

3.24

3.48

0.02

<.0001

1.76

1.70

1.82

0.02

<.0001

Gout but no CKD

1.62

1.58

1.67

0.01

<.0001

1.10

1.07

1.13

0.02

<.0001

Gout plus CKD

3.21

2.99

3.44

0.04

<.0001

1.38

1.29

1.48

0.04

<.0001

  1. *Adjustments were made in these Cox models for gender, age, smoking and alcoholism-related diagnoses, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, atrial fibrillation and Charlson’s co-morbidity index (CCI) score. To avoid double-counting (over-adjustment), in subjects with chronic kidney disease, CCI score did not consider chronic renal failure as a comorbidity.
  2. CVD cardiovascular disease; CI confidence interval; CKD chronic kidney disease. HR hazard ratio which was calculated by Cox proportional time-to-event survival analysis; SE standard error.