Table 8 Gender differences of life style factors HYPEST hypertensive patients
From: HYPEST study: profile of hypertensive patients in Estonia
Self-reported lifestyle factor | Male (%) | Female (%) | P-value for gender comparisonb |
|---|---|---|---|
Status at recruitment | |||
Current smoking | 19.6 | 8.6 | < 0.0001 |
Alcohol consumption more than once a week | 22.1 | 2.1 | < 0.0001 |
No current alcohol drinking | 9.7 | 25.2 | < 0.0001 |
Follows low caloricity | 25.0 | 46.7 | < 0.0001 |
Follows low fat content | 54.4 | 74.8 | < 0.0001 |
Follows low salt content | 48.6 | 61.5 | < 0.0001 |
Follows low sugar content | 45.3 | 57.1 | 0.0004 |
Special diets | 5.0 | 6.2 | 0.31 |
Physical loading at work (medium/high) | 32.6 | 28.2 | 0.32 |
Physical activity at leisure time (> 2 times/week) | 62.0 | 55.0 | 0.009 |
Retrospective data | |||
Smokers at diagnosis of hypertension | 36.1 | 10.8 | < 0.0001 |
Non-smokers at diagnosis of hypertension | 44.4 | 82.4 | |
Previous smokers (at diagnosis) | 19.5 | 6.9 | |
Regular sport in childhood | 73.0 | 50.4 | < 0.0001 |
Intensive sports in childhood | 27.6 | 13.1 | < 0.0001 |
No or occasional stressa | 30.8 | 30.8 | 1.0 |
Expose to regular stressa | 69.2 | 69.2 | 1.0 |
Periods of malnourishmenta | 30.0 | 36.1 | 0.06 |