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Table 2 Prediction of poor outcome with clinical, electrophysiological and biological variables

From: Serum neuron-specific enolase as predictor of outcome in comatose cardiac-arrest survivors: a prospective cohort study

 

Patients tested, n

Abnormal test result, % (95% CI)

False positive rate*, % (95% IC)

Positive likelihood ratio (95% IC)

Motor response ≤ 2

    

   - 24 h-36 h

97

87% [80% - 93%]

56% [45%- 67%

1.7 [1.2 - 2.5]

   - 72 h

87

70% [61% - 80%]

16% [7% - 25%]

5.8 [2.3 -1 4.1]

No corneal reflexes

    

   - 24 h-36 h

95

40% [30% - 50%]

12% [2% - 22%]

4.2 [1.4 - 12.4]

   - 72 h

86

36% [26% - 46%]

0% [0%-14%]

26 [1.7 - 415]

No pupillary reflexes

    

   - 24 h-36 h

97

26% [17% - 35%]

4% [4% - 12%]

8.3 [1.2 - 58]

   - 72 h

87

21% [12% - 29%]

0% [0% - 14%]

15 [1 - 244]

Myoclonus

    

   - 24 h-36 h

97

27% [18% - 36%]

0% [0% -14%]

19 [1.2 - 299]

   - 72 h

87

23% [14% - 32%]

8% [4% - 20%]

3.6 [114]

Epilepsy

    

   - 24 h-36 h

97

7% [7% - 12%]

0% [0% -14%]

5.3 [0.3-90]

   - 72 h

87

7% [2% - 12%]

0% [0% -14%]

5.3 [0.31-91]

- Malignant EEG **

    

   - 24-36 h

90

44% [34% - 55%]

4% [2% - 10%]

14 [2.1-97]

   - 72 h

73¶¶

44% [33% - 55%]

0% [0% -17%]

25 [1.6-394]

Highest measurement of NSE ≥ 47 ng/mL

    
 

97

58% [48% - 68%]

7% [0,4% - 14%]

4.5 [1.8 -11]

Highest measurement of NSE ≥ 97 ng/mL

    
 

97

36% [27% - 46%]

0% [0% -13%]

25 [1.6-397]

  1. * Patients with abnormal test results and good outcome/all patients with abnormal test results (1-positive predictive value)
  2. ** included isoelectric and burst-suppression pattern with interburst interval of at least 1s and generalised continuous epileptiform discharges
  3. Forty-four patients were still affected by sedative medication
  4. ¶¶ twenty-one patients were still affected by sedative medication