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Table 1 Baseline characteristics

From: Serum neuron-specific enolase as predictor of outcome in comatose cardiac-arrest survivors: a prospective cohort study

 

All patients

n = 97

Poor outcome

n = 72

Good outcome

n = 25

p

Age (years), mean ± SD

57 ± 16

60 ± 15

50 ± 17

0.01

Male, n (%)

75 (77)

56 (78)

19 (76)

0.85

Medical history n (%)

    

Neurologic diseases

11 (11)

10 (14)

1 (4)

0.18

Cardiovascular diseases

    

   Ischemic

20 (21)

19 (26)

1 (4)

0.017

   Hypertensive

34 (35)

29 (40)

5 (20)

0.067

   Congestive

12 (12)

10 (14)

2 (8)

0.44

   Arrhythmic

4 (5)

3 (4)

2 (8)

0.82

Metabolic diseases

    

   Diabetes mellitus

17 (18)

17 (24)

0

0.007

Respiratory diseases

    

   COPD

7 (7)

6 (8)

1 (4)

0.47

Liver diseases

    

   Cirrhosis

4 (4)

4 (6)

0

0.53

Resuscitation variables

    

Witnessed CA n (%)

77 (79)

57 (79)

20 (80)

0.93

In-hospital CA n (%)

30 (31)

26 (36)

4 (16)

0.06

Primary cause of CA n (%)

    

   Cardiac

55 (57)

38 (53)

17 (68)

0.19

   Respiratory

17 (18)

16 (22)

1 (4)

0.04

   Other or unknown

22 (23)

17 (24)

5 (20)

0.7

Time from CA to CPR (minutes)

5.6 ± 6.9

6.3 ± 7.2

3.4 ± 5.5

0.07

   <3 n (%)

46 (51)

31 (46)

15 (65)

 

   3 -5 n (%)

9 (10)

6 (9)

3 (13)

 

   >5 n (%)

36 (40)

31 (46)

5 (22)

 

Duration of CPR (minutes)

24.9 ± 24.2

25.7 ± 26.6

22.5 ± 15.7

0.39

   <5 n (%)

9 (9)

5 (7)

4 (16)

 

   5 -15 n (%)

18 (19)

13 (18)

5 (20)

 

   >15 n (%)

69 (72)

53 (75)

16 (64)

 

Primary rhythm n (%)

   

0.09

   Asystole

55 (57)

46 (64)

9 (36)

 

   VF/VT

35 (36)

21 (29)

14 (56)

 

   Pulseless electrical activity

5 (5)

4 (6)

1 (4)

 

   Unknown

2 (2)

1 (1,4)

1 (4)

 

Number of defibrillations, mean ± SD

2.1 ± 3.1

1.9 ± 3.3

2.8 ± 2.4

0.17

Epinephrine mg mean, ± SD

5.1 ± 5.2

5 ± 4.8

5.6 ± 6.2

0.62

ICU admission

    

SAPS II mean, ± SD

67 ± 15

69 ± 15

61 ± 11

0.006

Shock n(%)

59 (61)

43 (60)

16 (64)

0.7

Renal replacement therapy n(%)

15 (16)

11(15)

4 (16)

1

MOF n(%)

18 (19)

16 (22)

2 (8)

0.14

Therapeutic hypothermia n(%)

65 (67)

45 (63)

20 (80%)

0.11

  1. CA, cardiac arrest; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CPR, cardiopulmonary resuscitation; FV ventricular fibrillation; MOF, multi organ failure according to Kraus criteria [27]; SAPS II, Simplified Acute Physiology Score type II; VT, ventricular tachycardia.