Peripheral artery disease assessed by ankle-brachial index in patients with established cardiovascular disease or at least one risk factor for atherothrombosis - CAREFUL Study: A national, multi-center, cross-sectional observational study

Table 2 Ankle Brachial Pressure Index (ABI) in terms of demographics, clinical features and risk factors

	ABI ≤0.90 (n = 106)	ABI >0.90 (n = 424)
*Gender*	n(%)
Males	56(52.8)^a	208(49.1)
Females	50(47.2)^b	216(50.9)
*Age groups*
50-59 years	20(18.9)⁺	182(42.9)
60-69 years	49(46.2)	156(36.8)
70-79 years	37(34.9)⁺	86(20.3)
*Presence of risk factors*
Only 1 risk factor	5(4.7)^q	53(12.5)
2 risk factors	29(27.4)	157(37.0)
3 risk factor	53(50.0)^q	162(38.2)
4 risk factor	19(17.9)	52(12.3)
*Past history of atherothrombotic event*	62(58.5)^c	111(26.2)
*PAD symptoms*
Pain/discomfort while walking	75(70.8)**	155(36.6)
Pain/discomfort while standing or sitting	15(14.2)*	116(27.4)
Pain/discomfort relieve in <10 minutes	31(29.2)	117(27.5)
*Positive findings on physical examination*
Pedal pulse	94(88.8)	397(93.4)
Arterial murmur	17(16.0)**	16(3.8)
Trophic changes of the foot	38(35.8)**	53(12.5)

95% CI : ^a16.28 - 26.14; ^b14.10 - 23.49 and ^c28.69 - 42.98; ⁺p < 0.001 and ^qp < 0.05
** p < 0.001 and *p < 0.01; compared to absence of the specific finding

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