Table 1 Clinical characteristics of study subjects.
PhA | MetS | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
no ED | ED | no ED | ED | p | |
(n = 35) | (n = 13) | (n = 21) | (n = 36) | ||
Age1, years | 49.4 ± 7.5 | 56.9 ± 6.7 | 45.9 ± 4.6 | 54.1 ± 8.2 | < 0.001 |
CVD in family, n (%) | 18 (51.4%) | 9 (69.0%) | 1 (52.3%) | 18 (50.0%) | NS |
Diagnosed CVDb, n (%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 3 (14.3%) | 7 (19.4%) | < 0.05 |
Diabetics2,a, n (%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 7 (33.3%) | 19 (52.8%) | < 0.001 |
Hypertension2,a, n (%) | 1 (2.9%) | 3 (23.1%) | 11 (52.4%) | 20 (55.6%) | < 0.001 |
ASAc, n (%) | 4 (11.4%) | 0 (0%) | 5 (23.8%) | 10 (27.8%) | NS |
β1-blocker2,a, n (%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (7.7%) | 4 (19.0%) | 15 (41.7%) | < 0.001 |
ACE-inhibitor, n (%) | 1 (2.9%) | 2 (15.4%) | 2 (9.5%) | 4 (11.1%) | NS |
ATR-blockera, n (%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 5 (23.8%) | 11 (30.6%) | < 0.01 |
Ca-blocker, n (%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (7.7%) | 1 (4.8%) | 3 (8.3%) | NS |
Diureticb, n (%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (7.7%) | 4 (19.0%) | 8 (22.2%) | < 0.05 |
Statinb, n (%) | 4 (11.4%) | 2 (15.4%) | 7 (33.3%) | 14 (38.9%) | < 0.05 |
Smokingb | < 0.01 | ||||
-current, n (%) | 1 (2.9%) | 0 (0%) | 5 (23.8%) | 6 (16.7%) | |
-former, n (%) | 11 (31.4%) | 6 (46.2%) | 10 (47.6%) | 18 (50.0%) | |
-never, n (%) | 23 (65.7%) | 7 (53.8%) | 6 (28.6%) | 12 (33.3%) | |
Physical activity2,a, kcal/day | 506.9 ± 300 | 467.1 ± 256 | 209.4 ± 265 | 156.4 ± 172 | < 0.001 |
Alcohol intakeb, g/day | 7.8 ± 6.0 | 6.0 ± 4.3 | 15.0 ± 13.5 | 20.1 ± 22.8 | < 0.01 |
BMI2,a, kg/m2 | 23.8 ± 2.0 | 24.6 ± 3.0 | 32.7 ± 4.5 | 32.0 ± 4.8 | < 0.001 |
Waist circumf.2,a, cm | 88.6 ± 7.1 | 90.8 ± 8.9 | 113.5 ± 10.5 | 114.8 ± 13.3 | < 0.001 |
SBP3,a, mmHg | 127.2 ± 9.2 | 126.9 ± 11.2 | 136.5 ± 12.2 | 139.8 ± 16.5 | < 0.001 |
DBPa, mmHg | 73.9 ± 6.7 | 74.5 ± 5.6 | 82.1 ± 7.4 | 81.7 ± 8.8 | < 0.001 |