Table 1 Distribution and crude odds ratios of possible risk factors for over-reporting of antihypertensive adherence
From: A cohort study of possible risk factors for over-reporting of antihypertensive adherence
Variable | Distribution | Crude OR (95% CI); p-value |
|---|---|---|
Demographic/Socioeconomic | ||
Mean age in years (range) | 55 (18–84) | 1.01 (0.99–1.03) p = .23 |
Female | 53% | 1.29 (0.76–2.18) p = .26 |
Race | ||
White | 58% | reference |
Black | 35% | 1.35 (0.79–2.32) p = .28 |
Other | 7% | 1.56(0.55–4.48) p = .41 |
Marital status | ||
Unmarried | 51% | reference |
Married | 49% | 0.56 (0.33–0.95) p = .03 |
Mean years of education (range) | 16 (9–23) | 0.96 (0.89–1.03) p = .24 |
Employment | ||
Working | 71% | reference |
Retired | 18% | 1.46 (0.76–2.80) p = .25 |
Unemployed or other | 11% | 0.69 (0.27–1.78) p = .44 |
Income | ||
>29,000 | 9% | reference |
$15,000–29,000 | 24% | 1.55 (0.85–2.85) p = .16 |
<$15,000 | 61% | 2.66(1.16–6.09) p = .02 |
Mean (Standard Deviation) Social Support Score (Range-9–45) | 34.9 (8.6) | 1.01 (0.98–1.04) p = .48 |
Clinical Parameters | ||
Median years of treatment (interquartile range) | 4.5 (2–10) | 1.00 (1.00–1.00) p = .76 |
Mean (± s.d) systolic BP in previous year | 140.0 (± 16.1) | 0.98 (0.96–1.01) p = .15 |
Mean (± s.d) diastolic BP in previous year | 86.3 (± 10.4). | 0.97 (0.93–1.01) p = .10 |
Number of doses of antihypertensive medication per day ≤ 1 | 85% | reference |
>1 | 15% | 2.66 (1.57–4.51) p = .0003 |
Doctor did ask how well patient was taking medication | 46% | 0.71(0.42–1.19) p = .20 |
Mean (± s.d) Health Status Indices (Short Form-36) | ||
Physical Function | 82.5 (± 21.2) | 1.00 (0.98–1.01) p = .39 |
Energy-Vitality | 59.6 (± 19.8) | 1.00 (0.98–1.01) p = .56 |
Social Function | 85.4 (± 19.4) | 1.00 (0.99–1.01) p = .98 |
Mental Health | 76.5 (± 17.1) | 1.00 (0.98–1.01) p = .80 |
General Health Perception | 68.4 (± 19.2) | 1.01 (0.99–1.02) p = .46 |
Role Physical | 80.9 (± 33.9) | 1.00 (0.99–1.01) p = .73 |
Role Emotion | 82.1 (± 32.4) | 1.00 (0.99–1.00) p = .27 |
Pain | 71.8 (± 22.6) | 1.01 (0.996–1.02) p = .22 |
Health Beliefs | ||
Confidence in medication to control blood pressure | ||
Very confident | 66% | reference |
Not very confident | 34% | 0.89 (0.51–1.55) p = .68 |
Chance that something bad will happen if not taking medication | ||
very unlikely | 18% | |
fairly unlikely | 14% | 0.78 (0.65–0.94) p = .01 |
as likely to happen as not to happen | 27% | (for each change in level) |
fairly likely | 23% | |
very likely | 16% |